Linux CentOS 下的MySQL数据库安装与配置

1. 安装mysql
   yum -y install mysql

   yum -y install mysql-server
   yum -y install php-mysql

   yum -y install mysql-devel
   
   2.配置MySQL
   [root@sample ~]#vim /etc/my.cnf ← 编辑MySQL的配置文件
   
   [mysqld] 
   
   datadir=/var/lib/mysql 
   
   socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock 
   
   # Default to using old password format for compatibility with mysql 3.x 
   
   # clients (those using the mysqlclient10 compatibility package). 
   
   old_passwords=1 ← 找到这一行，在这一行的下面添加新的规则，让MySQL的默认编码为UTF-8 
   
   default-character-set = utf8 ← 添加这一行
    
   
   然后在配置文件的文尾填加如下语句： 
   
   [mysql] 
   default-character-set = utf8
   
   3.启动MySQL服务
   [root@sample ~]# chkconfig mysqld on ← 设置MySQL服务随系统启动自启动
   
   [root@sample ~]# chkconfig --list mysqld← 确认MySQL自启动  
   
   mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off← 如果2--5为on的状态就OK 
   
   [root@sample ~]#/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start ← 启动MySQL服务
   
   4.修改密码
   [root@sampl ~]# mysql -uroot  root默认无密码
   
   mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
   +------+-----------------------+----------+
   | user | host                  | password |
   +------+-----------------------+----------+
   | root | localhost             |          |
   | root | ay140611163431555064z |          |
   | root | 127.0.0.1             |          |
   |      | localhost             |          |
   |      | ay140611163431555064z |          |
   +------+-----------------------+----------+
   
   下面是把密码都设置成123456
   mysql> set password for root@localhost=password('123456');
   Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
   
   mysql> set password for root@127.0.0.1=password('123456');
   Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
   
   mysql> set password for root@ay140611163431555064z=password('123456');
   Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
   
   删除匿名账号
   mysql> delete from mysql.user where user='';
   
   mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
   +------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
   | user | host                  | password                                  |
   +------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
   | root | localhost             | *047871A860B9795D35702CA5974FA67374791CAD |
   | root | ay140611163431555064z | *047871A860B9795D35702CA5974FA67374791CAD |
   | root | 127.0.0.1             | *047871A860B9795D35702CA5974FA67374791CAD |
   +------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
   3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
   
   mysql> quit
   设置完成

补充：设置或修改用户密码的另一种方法

把root的密码设为123456，如果root已经有密码，命令运行时会让输入原密码

[root@sample ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p password 123456

注意！！！

安装完后，查看max_allowed_packet配置值

show VARIABLES like '%max_allowed_packet%';

如果写1024会有问题，需要改大些

在my.cnf的[mysqld]下添加

max_allowed_packet = 20M

如果遇到远程连接数据库，得到报错信息" Lost connection to MySQL server at 'reading initial communication packet', system error: 104",那么在my.cnf的[myslqd]里增加一行：

skip-name-resolve

本文转自   zl1030   51CTO博客，原文链接:http://blog.51cto.com/zl1030/1425089