一.openssh-server
openssh-server
功能：让远程主机可以通过网络访问sshd服务，开始一个安全shell
客户端连接方式
ssh 远程主机用户@远程主机ip
[root@desktop0 ~]# ssh root@172.25.254.128
The authenticity of host '172.25.254.128 ' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is eb:24:0e:07:96:26:b1:04:c2:37:0c:78:2d:bc:b0:08.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes 连接陌生主机时需要建立认证关系
Warning: Permanently added '172.25.254.128' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@172.25.254.128's password: 远程用户密码
Last login: Mon Oct 3 03:13:00 2016
[root@server ~]# 登陆成功
ssh 远程主机用户@远程主机ip -X 调用远程主机图形工具
ssh 远程主机用户@远程主机ip command 直接在远程主机运行某条命令
二.sshkey加密
1.生成公钥私钥
[root@server ~]# ssh-keygen 生成公钥私钥工具
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):[enter] 加密字符保存文件（建议用默认）
Created directory '/root/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): [enter] 密钥密码，必须>4个字符
Enter same passphrase again: [enter] 确认密码
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
ab:3c:73:2e:c8:0b:75:c8:39:3a:46:a2:22:34:84:81 root@server0.example.com
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+
|o |
|E. |
|.. |
|. . o |
|.o. * . S |
|oo.o o . |
|+ =. . . |
|o. oo.+.. |
| ..o*. |
+-----------------+
[root@server ~]# ls /root/.ssh/
id_rsa id_rsa.pub
id_rsa 私钥，就是钥匙
id_rsa.pub 公钥，就是锁
2.添加key认证方式
[root@server ~]# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@172.25.254.128
ssh-copy-id 添加key认证方式的工具
-i 指定加密key文件
/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub 加密key
root 加密用户为root
172.25.0.11 被加密主机ip
3.分发钥匙给client主机
[root@server0 ~]# scp /root/.ssh/id_rsa root@172.25.254.228:/root/.ssh/
4.测试
[root@clint ~]# ssh root@172.25.254.128 通过id_rsa直接连接不需要输入用户密码
Last login: Mon Oct 3 03:58:10 2016 from 172.25.254.28
[root@server ~]#
三.提升openssh的安全级别
1.openssh-server配置文件
/etc/ssh/sshd_config,安全配置在此配置文件完成
78 PasswordAuthentication yes|no 是否开启用户密码认证，yes为支持no为关闭
48 PermitRootLogin yes|no 是否允许超级用户登陆
49 AllowUsers student tom 用户白名单，只有在名单中出现的用户可以使用sshd建立shell
50 DenyUsers tom 用户黑名单
2.控制ssh客户端访问
vim /etc/hosts.deny
sshd:ALL 拒绝所有人链接sshd服务
vim /etc/hosts.allow
sshd:172.25.254.250 允许250主机链接sshd
sshd:ALL EXCEPT 172.25.254.250 只不允许250链接sshd
3.ssh登陆提示修改该
vim /etc/motd 显示登陆后字符,主要用于服务器标示
本文转自一百个小排 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/anfishr/1949549，如需转载请自行联系原作者
