之前已经讲过web基本概念与http请求响应报文，下面将以编译方式来安装http2.4.9服务器软件。与httpd2.2相比，httpd 2.4增加了如下特性：
1、MPM可于运行时装载；
2、Event MPM
3、异步读写
4、在每模块及每目录上指定日志级别；
5、每请求配置；<If>, <ElseIf>, <Else>；
6、增强的表达式分析器；
7、毫秒级的KeepAlive Timeout；
8、基于域名的虚拟主机不再需要NameVirtualHost指令；
9、降低了内存占用；
10、支持在配置文件中使用自定义变量；
新增加的模块：
mod_proxy_fcgi（可以提供fcgi代理）
mod_proxy_scgi（支持scgi协议）
mod_proxy_express
mod_remoteip（能够强大的匹配客户端的IP地址）
mod_session（保持用户会话）
mod_ratelimit（限制每个用户的带宽）
mod_request（请求模块，对请求做强大的过滤）
等等；
一、准备阶段
| 本机环境 |
|
||
| 预安装软件包 |
|
二、下载apr-1.5.0、apr-util-1.5.3、http2.4.9
|
1
2
3
|
[root@bogon Downloads]
#wget http://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache//httpd/httpd-2.4.9.tar.bz2
[root@bogon Downloads]
#wget ftp://ftp.mirrorservice.org/sites/ftp.apache.org/apr/apr-util-1.5.3.tar.bz2
[root@bogon Downloads]
#wget http://archive.apache.org/dist/apr/apr-1.5.0.tar.bz2
|
三、编译安装软件包
1、apr-1.5.0.tar.bz2
apr:apache portable run-time是apache运行时环境，为了能使apache运行在不同的平台上
并且能使用同样的机制，所以apr能够抹除不同系统的数据库，让apache运行环境的机制都一样，
并且能让apache的某些特性跨平台的使用。
|
1
2
3
4
|
[root@bogon
local
]
# tar xf apr-1.5.0.tar.bz2
[root@bogon
local
]
#cd apr-1.5.0
[root@bogon apr-1.5.0]
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
[root@bogon apr-1.5.0]
#make && make install
|
2、apr-util-1.5.3.tar.bz2
|
1
2
3
4
|
#tar xf apr-util-1.5.3.tar.bz2
#cd apr-util-1.5.3
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
#make && make install
|
3、http2.4.9.tar.bz2
|
1
2
3
4
|
#tar xf httpd-2.4.9.tar.bz2
# cd httpd-2.4.9
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd24 --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/ --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
#make && make install
|
编译参数说明：
--prefix=/usr/local/apache：指定安装路径
--sysconfdir=/etc/httpd24：指定配置文件存放位置
--enable-so：允许运行时加载DSO模块
--enable-ssl： 提供对安全套接字层(SSL)和传输层安全(TLS)协议实现高强度加密传输
--enable-cgi：提供对CGI脚本执行的支持
--enable-rewrite：支持重写
--with-zlib：是支持zlib库
--with-pcre：启用正则表达式
--with-apr=/usr/local/apr：Apache可移植运行时(APR)是httpd源码的一部分并会自动与httpd一起创建。如果你想使用一个已经存在的APR ，就必须在这里指定apr-config脚本的路径。
--with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/：Apache可移植运行时工具包(APU)是httpd源码的一部分并会自动与httpd一起创建。如果你想使用一个已经存在的APU ，就必须在这里指定apu-config脚本的路径。
--enable-modules=most：启用大多数常用模块。
--enable-mpms-shared=all：启用MPM支持的所有模式。
--with-mpm=event：设置默认MPM为event。
四、参数设置
1、导出库文件
|
1
|
[root@bogon apache]
# ln -s /usr/local/apache/include/ /usr/include/httpd24
|
2、输出二进制程序
|
1
2
3
|
#vim /etc/profile.d/http24.sh
export
PATH=
/usr/local/apache/bin
:$PATH
#source /etc/profile.d/http24.sh
|
3、导出man手册
|
1
2
|
#vim /etc/man.config
#MANPATH /usr/local/apache/man
|
五、测试
|
1
2
3
4
5
|
# apachectl start
# ss -tunl |grep ":80"
tcp LISTEN 0 128 :::80 :::*
# curl 192.168.1.114
<html><body><h1>It works!<
/h1
><
/body
><
/html
>
|
六、添加服务脚本
1、先关掉apache服务
|
1
|
#apachectl stop
|
2、修改httpd的主配置文件，设置其Pid文件的路径，编辑/etc/httpd24/httpd.conf，添加如下行即可
|
1
2
|
# vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf
PidFile
"/var/run/httpd24.pid"
|
3、修改服务脚本
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
|
#!/bin/bash
#
# httpd Startup script for the Apache HTTP Server
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: The Apache HTTP Server is an efficient and extensible \
# server implementing the current HTTP standards.
# processname: httpd
# config: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/httpd
# pidfile: /var/run/httpd/httpd.pid
#
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: httpd
# Required-Start: $local_fs $remote_fs $network $named
# Required-Stop: $local_fs $remote_fs $network
# Should-Start: distcache
# Short-Description: start and stop Apache HTTP Server
# Description: The Apache HTTP Server is an extensible server
# implementing the current HTTP standards.
### END INIT INFO
# Source function library.
.
/etc/rc
.d
/init
.d
/functions
if
[ -f
/etc/sysconfig/httpd
];
then
.
/etc/sysconfig/httpd
fi
# Start httpd in the C locale by default.
HTTPD_LANG=${HTTPD_LANG-
"C"
}
# This will prevent initlog from swallowing up a pass-phrase prompt if
# mod_ssl needs a pass-phrase from the user.
INITLOG_ARGS=
""
# Set HTTPD=/usr/sbin/httpd.worker in /etc/sysconfig/httpd to use a server
# with the thread-based "worker" MPM; BE WARNED that some modules may not
# work correctly with a thread-based MPM; notably PHP will refuse to start.
# Path to the apachectl script, server binary, and short-form for messages.
apachectl=
/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl
httpd=
/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd
prog=httpd
pidfile=${PIDFILE-
/var/run/httpd24
.pid}
lockfile=${LOCKFILE-
/var/lock/subsys/httpd24
}
RETVAL=0
STOP_TIMEOUT=${STOP_TIMEOUT-10}
# The semantics of these two functions differ from the way apachectl does
# things -- attempting to start while running is a failure, and shutdown
# when not running is also a failure. So we just do it the way init scripts
# are expected to behave here.
start() {
echo
-n $
"Starting $prog: "
LANG=$HTTPD_LANG daemon --pidfile=${pidfile} $httpd $OPTIONS
RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] &&
touch
${lockfile}
return
$RETVAL
}
# When stopping httpd, a delay (of default 10 second) is required
# before SIGKILLing the httpd parent; this gives enough time for the
# httpd parent to SIGKILL any errant children.
stop() {
echo
-n $
"Stopping $prog: "
killproc -p ${pidfile} -d ${STOP_TIMEOUT} $httpd
RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] &&
rm
-f ${lockfile} ${pidfile}
}
reload() {
echo
-n $
"Reloading $prog: "
if
! LANG=$HTTPD_LANG $httpd $OPTIONS -t >&
/dev/null
;
then
RETVAL=6
echo
$
"not reloading due to configuration syntax error"
failure $
"not reloading $httpd due to configuration syntax error"
else
# Force LSB behaviour from killproc
LSB=1 killproc -p ${pidfile} $httpd -HUP
RETVAL=$?
if
[ $RETVAL -
eq
7 ];
then
failure $
"httpd shutdown"
fi
fi
echo
}
# See how we were called.
case
"$1"
in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
status)
status -p ${pidfile} $httpd
RETVAL=$?
;;
restart)
stop
start
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
if
status -p ${pidfile} $httpd >&
/dev/null
;
then
stop
start
fi
;;
force-reload|reload)
reload
;;
graceful|help|configtest|fullstatus)
$apachectl $@
RETVAL=$?
;;
*)
echo
$
"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|condrestart|try-restart|force-reload|reload|status|fullstatus|graceful|help|configtest}"
RETVAL=2
esac
exit
$RETVAL
|
=========================================完==========================================
下篇将对编译安装的http-2.4.9进行功能测试
