说明:
系统为CentOS6.5
manager 192.168.10.1
web1 192.168.10.2
web2 192.168.10.3
安装ansible
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wget http:
//mirrors
.zju.edu.cn
/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8
.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
#双机互信
[root@manager ~]
# ssh-keygen -t rsa -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa -P ''
for
i
in
web1 web2;
do
ssh
-copy-
id
-i root@$i;
done
#安装ansible
# yum install ansible
# ansible --version
ansible 1.8.2
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ansible帮助文档:https://galaxy.ansible.com/explore#/ http://www.ansible.cn/docs/
#ansible 怎么用?测试几个常用的命令
ansible ansible-galaxy ansible-pull ansible-vault
ansible-doc ansible-playbook ansible-shell
# ansible -h #ansible的用法,后面可加的参数,比如connection、sudo、module-name、timeout
# ansible-doc -l #ansible的工具书,查看支持的modules,可以说是命令的目录
# ansible-doc ping #查看ping模块的使用方法,同理查看file的用法# ansible-doc file
> PING
A trivial test module, this module always returns `pong' on
successful contact. It does not make sense in playbooks, but it is
useful from `/usr/bin/ansible'
# Test 'webservers' status
cd /etc/ansible/ #修改ansible的hosts文件
vim hosts #注释所有,添加以下
[web1]
192.168.10.2
[web2]
192.168.10.3
ansible web1 -a uptime #等同于ansible web1 -m command -a uptime
ansible web1 -m yum -a "name=dstat state=latest" #执行yum install dstat
ansible web1 -m raw -a "rpm -qa|grep dstat" #执行rpm -qa |grep dstat
ansible web1 -m shell -a "service mysqld restart" #执行service mysqld restart
ansible web1 -m service -a "name=mysqld state=stopped" #执行service mysqld stop
ansible web1 -m setup #查看web1的综合信息
#小测试一下,看看结果
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[root@manager ~]
# ansible web1 -m ping
[WARNING]: The version of gmp you have installed has a known issue regarding
timing vulnerabilities when used with pycrypto. If possible, you should update
it (i.e. yum update gmp).
192.168.10.2 | success >> {
"changed"
:
false
,
"ping"
:
"pong"
}
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#那么ansible到底怎么用呢,还是上面已经写了的过程(绿色标记的),ansible默认执行的是command,可以省略,如果不是command,那就ansible-doc -l里面查找要用的模块命令,比如file。
那么ansible web1 -m file 后面怎么写?
# ansible-doc file 查看file模块的帮助,里面有详细的介绍,例:
file: path=/etc/foo.conf owner=foo group=foo mode=0644
#下面举个栗子,ansible file的用法,前提是web1的/tmp下有file这个文件,并且web1有mysql用户和组
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# ansible web1 -m file -a "path=/tmp/file owner=mysql group=mysql mode=0755"
192.168.10.2 | success >> {
"changed"
:
true
,
"gid"
: 500,
"group"
:
"mysql"
,
"mode"
:
"0755"
,
"owner"
:
"mysql"
,
"path"
:
"/tmp/path"
,
"size"
: 20,
"state"
:
"file"
,
"uid"
: 500
}
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#ansible可用的命令很多,所有的命令都可以这样查看具体的用法
#下面只是一个简单的发布例子,或者说是思路,具体的根据公司自己情况做改动
如果要做的比较完善,那么需加入对输入的路径和文件做检测,并且对线上正式机的备份做更详细些,这个不支持回滚,如果更新出错,需要到web服务器备份的文件夹backup再次覆盖线上文件
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[root@manager ~]
# cat publish.sh
#!/bin/bash
#
echo
"please choose server web1 or web2: "
echo
"1:web1 2:web2 3:QUIT"
read
-p
"\>"
SERVER
case
$SERVER
in
1)
read
-p
"PATH:"
DIR
NEWDIR=`
echo
$DIR|
sed
's/var/home/'
`
#发布机的目录是/home/www而不是/var/www,根据自己环境
ansible web1 -a
"cp $NEWDIR /backup"
#把web1上文件做一个备份,复制到/backup
ansible web1 -m copy -a
"src=$DIR dest=$NEWDIR"
#把当前路径的文件copy到web1上
;;
2)
read
-p
"PATH:"
DIR
ansible web2 -a
"cp $DIR /backup"
ansible web2 -m copy -a
"src=$DIR dest=$DIR"
;;
3)
exit
;;
*)
echo
"you are wrong"
esac
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