Barracuda WSF v4.x - Bypass & Persistent Vulnerabilities

Document Title:
===============
Barracuda WSF v4.x - Bypass & Persistent Vulnerabilities


References (Source):
====================
http://www.vulnerability-lab.com/get_content.php?id=749

Barracuda Networks Security ID (BNSEC): 707

Barracuda Networks Bulletin: http://www.barracuda.com/kb?id=501600000013zjZAAQ

Video: http://www.vulnerability-lab.com/get_content.php?id=1205


Release Date:
=============
2014-08-20


Vulnerability Laboratory ID (VL-ID):
====================================
749


Common Vulnerability Scoring System:
====================================
3.8


Product & Service Introduction:
===============================
The Barracuda Web Security Service is a cloud-based web filtering service ideal for organizations with users in 
multiple locations. With no hardware to install, this powerful SaaS web filter quickly and affordably lets administrators 
safeguard users against aggressive malware while centrally managing user access to web content, applications, media, 
file types and more. It even extends content security and management to off-network mobile devices � perfect for schools 
that issue iPads to students, or any organization that relies on mobility.

As an enterprise-grade solution for web security, Barracuda Web Security Service saves administrators time otherwise spent 
disinfecting computers and dealing with data breaches. Barracuda Web Security Service抯 intuitive web UI gives clear 
visibility into web activity which speeds network troubleshooting and policy management. Interactive graphs let administrators 
drill down from high-level overviews of the organization抯 web activity to fine-grained information about users, websites, 
applications, files, bandwidth and other factors effecting performance and user productivity. Reporting is just as convenient 
and granular with no database administration required. Built on a massively scalable worldwide multi-tenant architecture that 
provides advanced web filtering to customers in fifty countries, Barracuda Web Security Service delivers the fastest, most 
reliable web filtering in the industry.

(Copy of the Vendor Homepage: https://www.barracudanetworks.com/products/websecurityflex )


Abstract Advisory Information:
==============================
The Vulnerability Laboratory Research Team discovered multiple web vulnerabilities in the official Barracuda Networks Security Flex v4.1 Appliance Web-Application.


Vulnerability Disclosure Timeline:
==================================
2013-11-09:	Researcher Notification & Coordination (Benjamin Kunz Mejri)
2013-11-10:	Vendor Notification (Barracuda Networks - Bug Bounty Team)
2013-11-13:	Vendor Response/Feedback (Barracuda Networks - Bug Bounty Team)
2014-08-10:	Vendor Fix/Patch Notification (Barracuda Networks - Developer Team)
2014-08-20:	Public Disclosure (Vulnerability Laboratory)


Discovery Status:
=================
Published


Affected Product(s):
====================
Barracuda Networks
Product: Web Security Flex 4.1


Exploitation Technique:
=======================
Remote


Severity Level:
===============
Medium


Technical Details & Description:
================================
Multiple persistent input validation vulnerabilities are detected in the official Barracuda Networks Security Flex v4.1 Application Service.
The bugs allow remote attackers to implement/inject malicious script code on the application side (persistent) of the vulnerable module. 

The persistent vulnerabilities are located in the bypass_password and shared_secret parameters of the `Remote Filtering > Safe Browser > 
Provisioning` module. The attacker is able to bypass the `shared password/secret` input field validation to manipulate the input field context. 
The script code execution occurs after the attacker clicked the `shared secret` information show/hide button in the `Provisioning` service module.
The attack method is located on the application-side of the service and the request method to inject the payload is POST. 

To bypass the input field validation and execute the earlier injected string via POST, it is required to split (%20) the payload. During the 
pentests we revealed that script code executions (html,js & php) are possible. The input of the validation is broken and through the reverse 
function `hide/show` it is possible to manipulate the application context or capture the input.

The security risk of the persistent vulnerabilities are estimated as medium with a cvss (common vulnerability scoring system) count of 3.8.
Exploitation requires low user inter action and a registered low privileged web application user account. Successful exploitation of the 
vulnerability results in session hijacking (manager/admin), persistent phishing, persistent external redirects or persistent manipulation 
of affected or connected module context. 

Request Method(s):
				[+] POST

Vulnerable Service(s):
				[+] Web Security Flex

Vulnerable Module(s):
				[+] Remote Filtering > Safe Browser > Provisioning

Vulnerable Function(s):
				[+] hide input
				[+] show input (reverse)

Vulnerable Parameter(s):
				[+] bypass_password
				[+] shared_secret

Affected Module(s):
				[+] Provisioning


Proof of Concept (PoC):
=======================
The persistent web vulnerabilities can be exploited by remote attackers and local low privileged user accounts with low or medium user interaction.
For security demonstration or to reproduce the security vulnerability follow the provided information and steps below to continue.

PoC: String (Bypass %20)
%20<iframe%20src=a>%20%20%20%20\"><iframe src=a onload=alert(\"VL\") <


PoC: (Context Show & Hide Function) [bypass_password & shared_secret]

<div class=\"field\">
<label class=\"label\" for=\"bypass_password\">Bypass Password:</label>
<input name=\"bypass_password\" id=\"bypass_password\" value=\"northhigh\" type=\"password\">&#8203;&#8203;&#8203;&#8203;&#8203;
<small onclick=\"$(\'#bypass_password_ct\').show().find(\'strong\').html($(\'#bypass_password\').val())\" class=\"link2\">show</small>
<span class=\"info\" id=\"bypass_password_ct\" style=\"\">
<br> Password: \"
<strong>\%20"><[PERSISTENT INJECTED SCRIPT CODE!]\%20"><[PERSISTENT INJECTED SCRIPT CODE!]\") 
<\%20"><[PERSISTENT INJECTED SCRIPT CODE!]\") <\%20"><[PERSISTENT INJECTED SCRIPT CODE!]\") <\") <northhigh</iframe>&#8203;&#8203;&#8203;&#8203;&#8203;</strong>\" � 
<span class=\"link2\" onclick=\"$(this.parentNode).hide()\">hide</span></span>        </div>


--- POC Session Logs (MANIPULATED TO BYPASS) [POST] ---
auth_scheme=none
session_timeout=0
idle_timeout=0
shared_secret=%20%3C[PERSISTENT INJECTED SCRIPT CODE!]%3Da%3E%2520%2520
bypass_password=%20%3C[PERSISTENT INJECTED SCRIPT CODE!]%3Da%3E%2520%2520%2520%2520%22%3E%3C[PERSISTENT INJECTED SCRIPT CODE!]%3Da+onload%3Dalert(%22VL%22)+%3C
bypass_filter=192.168.*%3B10.10.*%3B172.16.*
fail_open=1
enable_geolocation=1
allow_temp_disable=1
allow_stop=1=
is_ajax=1
ajax_response_format=json


Reference(s):
https://wsf.127.0.0.1:1338/r/mobile


Solution - Fix & Patch:
=======================
The issue can be fixed by a secure parse and encode of the vulnerable parameter in the Provisioning module.
Restrict and filter the vulnerable `bypass_password` and `shared_secret` values to prevent further 
exploitation by script code injection attacks.



Security Risk:
==============
The security risk of the persistent web vulnerabilities are estimated as medium.


Credits & Authors:
==================
Vulnerability Laboratory [Research Team] - Benjamin Kunz Mejri (bkm@evolution-sec.com) [www.vulnerability-lab.com]


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=========================
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