实验53：帧中继环境下BMA 模式
1.
实验目的
通过本实验可以掌握：
（1）帧中继静态映射及broadcast 参数的含义
（2）BMA 模式下的DR 选举
（3）BMA 模式下OSPF 的配置和调试
2.
拓扑结构
实验拓扑
3.
实验步骤
注：
（1）在Hub-and-Spoke 结构中，BMA 也要控制DR 选举，确保处于“Hub”端的路由器
为DR。
（2）BMA 模式下，邻居关系自动通过Hello 包建立和维持。
r1(config)#int loo 1
r1(config-if)#ip add
*Mar 1 00:03:08.331: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback1, changed state to up
r1(config-if)#ip add 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
r1(config-if)#ip ospf net point-to-point
r1(config-if)#no sh
r1(config-if)#exit
r1(config)#int s0/0
r1(config-if)#ip add 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0
r1(config-if)#enca frame
r1(config-if)#no sh
r1(config-if)#
*Mar 1 00:04:25.119: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up
r1(config-if)#
*Mar 1 00:04:36.119: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up
r1(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 172.16.1.2 101
r1(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 172.16.1.3 102 broadcast
r1(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 172.16.1.2 101 broadcast
r1(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 172.16.1.1 101
r1(config-if)#no fram inver
r1(config-if)#ip ospf net broadcast
r1(config-if)#no sh
r1(config-if)#exit
r1(config)#router ospf 1
r1(config-router)#router-id 1.1.1.1
r1(config-router)#net 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
r1(config-router)#net 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
r1(config-router)#
*Mar 1 00:10:27.735: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 2.2.2.2 on Serial0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
r1(config-router)#do sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback1
2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 2.2.2.0 [110/65] via 172.16.1.2, 00:02:28, Serial0/0
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
这里出现了一个问题，就是R1没有到3.3.3.3的路由，可以通过关闭水平分割来解决：
r1(config-if)#no ip split-horizon
r1(config-router)#
*Mar 1 00:13:30.511: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 3.3.3.3 on Serial0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
r1(config-router)#exit
r1(config)#int s0/0
r1(config-if)#no ip s?
sap security service split-horizon
summary-address
r1(config-if)#no ip split-hori
r1(config-if)#no ip split-horizon
r1(config-if)#do sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback1
2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 2.2.2.0 [110/65] via 172.16.1.2, 00:03:30, Serial0/0
3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 3.3.3.0 [110/65] via 172.16.1.3, 00:03:30, Serial0/0//出现了到3.3.3.3的路由
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
r1(config-if)#do sh ip ospf int
Serial0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 172.16.1.1/24, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.1.1, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 64
//
网络类型为BROADCAST
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1
Designated Router (ID) 1.1.1.1, Interface address 172.16.1.1
Backup Designated router (ID) 3.3.3.3, Interface address 172.16.1.3
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
//BMA
模式下，Hello 周期为10 秒
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:03
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Index 2/2, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 2, Adjacent neighbor count is 2
Adjacent with neighbor 2.2.2.2
Adjacent with neighbor 3.3.3.3 (Backup Designated Router)
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
Loopback1 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 1.1.1.1/24, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.1.1, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 1
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT,
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 0
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
r1(config-if)#
r1(config-if)#do sh ip ospf nei detail
Neighbor 2.2.2.2, interface address 172.16.1.2
In the area 0 via interface Serial0/0
Neighbor priority is 1, State is FULL, 6 state changes
DR is 172.16.1.1 BDR is 172.16.1.2
Options is 0x52
LLS Options is 0x1 (LR)
Dead timer due in 00:00:38
Neighbor is up for 00:07:20
Index 1/1, retransmission queue length 0, number of retransmission 1
First 0x0(0)/0x0(0) Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last retransmission scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last retransmission scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor 3.3.3.3, interface address 172.16.1.3
In the area 0 via interface Serial0/0
Neighbor priority is 1, State is FULL, 6 state changes
DR is 172.16.1.1 BDR is 172.16.1.3
Options is 0x52
LLS Options is 0x1 (LR)
Dead timer due in 00:00:31
Neighbor is up for 00:04:57
Index 2/2, retransmission queue length 0, number of retransmission 0
First 0x0(0)/0x0(0) Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last retransmission scan length is 0, maximum is 0
Last retransmission scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
r1(config-if)#
r1(config-if)#
r1(config-if)#
r1(config-if)#
r2(config)#int loo 1
r2(config-if)#ip add 2..
*Mar 1 00:00:40.243: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback1, changed state to up
r2(config-if)#ip add 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0
r2(config-if)#ip ospf net point-to-point
r2(config-if)#exit
r2(config)#int s0/0
r2(config-if)#ip add 172.16.1.2 255.255.255.0
r2(config-if)#encap frame
r2(config-if)#no sh
r2(config-if)#
*Mar 1 00:01:27.967: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up
r2(config-if)#
*Mar 1 00:01:38.967: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up
r2(config-if)#fram map ip 172.16.1.1 201 broadcast
r2(config-if)#fram map ip 172.16.1.3 201 broadcast
r2(config-if)#fram map ip 172.16.1.2 201
r2(config-if)#no fram inver
r2(config-if)#ip ospf net broadcast
r2(config-if)#no sh
r2(config-if)#exit
r2(config)#router ospf 1
r2(config-router)#router-id 2.2.2.2
r2(config-router)#net 2.2.2.0
% Incomplete command.
r2(config-router)#net 2.2.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
r2(config-router)#net 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
r2(config-router)#
*Mar 1 00:10:27.983: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 1.1.1.1 on Serial0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
r2(config-router)#do sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 1.1.1.0 [110/65] via 172.16.1.1, 00:02:44, Serial0/0
2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 2.2.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback1
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
r2(config-router)#do sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 1.1.1.0 [110/65] via 172.16.1.1, 00:03:39, Serial0/0
2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 2.2.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback1
3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 3.3.3.0 [110/65] via 172.16.1.3, 00:03:39, Serial0/0
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
r2(config-router)#
r3(config)#int loo 1
r3(config-if)#ip add
*Mar 1 00:01:49.427: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback1, changed state to up
r3(config-if)#ip add 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.0
r3(config-if)#ip ospf net point-to-point
r3(config-if)#exit
r3(config)#int s0/0
r3(config-if)#ip add 172.16.1.3 255.255.255.0
r3(config-if)#enca frame
r3(config-if)#no sh
r3(config-if)#
*Mar 1 00:02:48.631: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up
r3(config-if)#
*Mar 1 00:02:59.631: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up
r3(config-if)#fram map ip 172.16.1.1 302 broadcast
r3(config-if)#fram map ip 172.16.1.2 302 broadcast
r3(config-if)#fram map ip 172.16.1.3 302
r3(config-if)#no fram inver
r3(config-if)#ip ospf net broadcast
r3(config-if)#no sh
r3(config-if)#exit
r3(config)#router ospf 1
r3(config-router)#router-id 3.3.3.3
r3(config-router)#net 3.3.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
r3(config-router)#net 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
r3(config-router)#do sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 3.3.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback1
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
r3(config-router)#
*Mar 1 00:13:30.847: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 1.1.1.1 on Serial0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
r3(config-router)#do sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 1.1.1.0 [110/65] via 172.16.1.1, 00:03:45, Serial0/0
2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 2.2.2.0 [110/65] via 172.16.1.2, 00:03:45, Serial0/0
3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 3.3.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback1
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
r3(config-router)#do sh
本文转自gauyanm 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/gauyanm/245914，如需转载请自行联系原作者
