Apache HTTP Server（简称Apache）是Apache软件基金会的一个开放源代码的网页服务器，可以在大多数电脑操作系统中运行，由于其跨平台（可以用于UNIX/Linux系统，甚至还可以用于Windows系统）、安全性并且可通过简单的API扩充，将Perl／Python等解释器编译到服务器中被广泛使用，是最流行的Web服务器端软件之一，但是默认只有256个并发连接，运行速度偏慢，效率较低。官方网站http://httpd.apache.org，Apache有两个版本分支：1.x和2.x，目前使用的都是2.x版本，最新版本为2.4.7，在系统中的进程名为httpd。
YUM安装Apache
1、查看系统是否安装Apache:
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[root@justin ~]
# rpm -qa|grep httpd
httpd-2.2.15-15.el6_2.1.i686
httpd-tools-2.2.15-15.el6_2.1.i686
[root@justin ~]
#
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系统默认安装了Apache，版本是2.2.15，发布号为15，el6表示在rhel6系列版本中发布，i686指32位PC架构
2、安装Apache:
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[root@justin ~]
# yum remove httpd* -y
Removed:
httpd.i686 0:2.2.15-15.el6_2.1
httpd-tools.i686 0:2.2.15-15.el6_2.1
Dependency Removed:
gnome-user-share.i686 0:2.28.2-3.el6
Complete!
[root@justin ~]
# rpm -qa|grep httpd
[root@justin ~]
#
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先卸载掉已经安装的
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[root@justin src]
# yum install httpd -y
Installed:
httpd.i686 0:2.2.15-29.el6.centos
Dependency Installed:
httpd-tools.i686 0:2.2.15-29.el6.centos
Complete!
[root@justin src]
# rpm -qa|grep httpd
httpd-2.2.15-29.el6.centos.i686
httpd-tools-2.2.15-29.el6.centos.i686
[root@justin src]
#
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3、启动Apache服务：
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[root@justin ~]
# chkconfig --level 35 httpd on
[root@justin ~]
# /etc/init.d/httpd start
正在启动 httpd：httpd: apr_sockaddr_info_get() failed
for
justin
httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.0.1
for
ServerName
[确定]
[root@justin ~]
#
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备注：Apache启动之后会提示错误：
正在启动 httpd:httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualif domain name, using ::1 for ServerName
解决办法：
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[root@localhost libexec]
# vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
276
#ServerName
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4、查看Apache占用的端口：
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[root@justin ~]
# netstat -antp |grep httpd
tcp 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 4814
/httpd
[root@justin ~]
#
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Apache使用的是80端口，Apache中默认设置了一个站点，此时直接在客户端IE里输入http://ServerIP就可以访问默认站点：http://10.15.72.38
Tips：如果无法访问确认防火墙和SeLinux状态
源码安装Apache
在生产环境中，大都是采用源码编译方式安装Apache，这样可灵活定制各种功能、及时获取软件的最新版本以及便于今后在不同的系统之间移植。
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[root@justin src]
# cd /usr/local/src/ && wget http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn/apache//httpd/httpd-2.4.7.tar.gz
[root@justin httpd-2.4.7]
# tar zxvf httpd-2.4.7.tar.gz
[root@justin httpd-2.4.7]
# cd httpd-2.4.7
[root@justin httpd-2.4.7]
# mkdir -p /usr/local/apache
[root@justin httpd-2.4.7]
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache/
checking
for
chosen layout... Apache
checking
for
working
mkdir
-p...
yes
checking
for
grep
that handles long lines and -e...
/bin/grep
checking
for
egrep
...
/bin/grep
-E
checking build system
type
... i686-pc-linux-gnu
checking host system
type
... i686-pc-linux-gnu
checking target system
type
... i686-pc-linux-gnu
configure:
configure: Configuring Apache Portable Runtime library...
configure:
checking
for
APR... no
configure: error: APR not found. Please
read
the documentation.
[root@justin httpd-2.4.7]
#
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配置报错configure: error: APR not found. Please readthe documentation.未发现APR，这个是Apache关联软件，安装和apache版本相符版本，版本过早后面也会提示类似：configure: error: APR version x.x.x or later is required的错误
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[root@justin httpd-2.4.7]
# wget http://archive.apache.org/dist/apr/apr-1.5.0.tar.gz -P /usr/local/src/
[root@justin httpd-2.4.7]
# cd ..
[root@justin src]
# tar zxvf apr-1.5.0.tar.gz
[root@justin src]
# cd apr-1.5.0
[root@justin apr-1.5.0]
# mkdir -p /usr/local/apr
[root@justin apr-1.5.0]
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr/
checking build system
type
... i686-pc-linux-gnu
checking host system
type
... i686-pc-linux-gnu
checking target system
type
... i686-pc-linux-gnu
Configuring APR library
Platform: i686-pc-linux-gnu
checking
for
working
mkdir
-p...
yes
APR Version: 1.5.0
checking
for
chosen layout... apr
checking
for
gcc... no
checking
for
cc... no
checking
for
cl.exe... no
configure: error:
in
`
/usr/local/src/apr-1
.5.0':
configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found
in
$PATH
See `config.log'
for
more
details
[root@justin apr-1.5.0]
#
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又出现了错误configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in$PATH，从字面意思大致意思是没有发现可接受的C编辑器，因此需要安装下gcc套件
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[root@justin apr-1.5.0]
# yum install gcc -y
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再次配置、编译、安装
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[root@justin apr-1.5.0]
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr/
[root@justin apr-1.5.0]
# make
[root@justin apr-1.5.0]
# make install
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apr安装好了再来安装apache
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[root@justin src]
# cd httpd-2.4.7
[root@justin httpd-2.4.7]
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache/
checking
for
chosen layout... Apache
checking
for
working
mkdir
-p...
yes
checking
for
grep
that handles long lines and -e...
/bin/grep
checking
for
egrep
...
/bin/grep
-E
checking build system
type
... i686-pc-linux-gnu
checking host system
type
... i686-pc-linux-gnu
checking target system
type
... i686-pc-linux-gnu
configure:
configure: Configuring Apache Portable Runtime library...
configure:
checking
for
APR...
yes
setting CC to
"gcc"
setting CPP to
"gcc -E"
setting CFLAGS to
" -g -O2 -pthread"
setting CPPFLAGS to
" -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE"
setting LDFLAGS to
" "
configure:
configure: Configuring Apache Portable Runtime Utility library...
configure:
checking
for
APR-util... no
configure: error: APR-util not found. Please
read
the documentation.
[root@justin httpd-2.4.7]
#
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再次出错configure: error: APR-util not found. Please readthe documentation.没有找到APR-util，下载APR-util
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[root@justin httpd-2.4.7]
# wget http://archive.apache.org/dist/apr/apr-util-1.5.3.tar.gz -P /usr/local/src/
[root@justin httpd-2.4.7]
# cd ..
[root@justin src]
# tar zxvf apr-util-1.5.3.tar.gz
[root@justin src]
# cd apr-util-1.5.3
[root@justin apr-util-1.5.3]
# mkdir -p /usr/local/apr-util
[root@justin apr-util-1.5.3]
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
apr/ apr-util/
[root@justin apr-util-1.5.3]
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util/ --with-apr=/usr/local/apr/bin/apr-1-config
[root@justin apr-util-1.5.3]
# make && make install
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再次回到安装apache
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[root@justin apr-util-1.5.3]
# cd ../httpd-2.4.7
[root@justin httpd-2.4.7]
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache/
checking
for
chosen layout... Apache
checking
for
working
mkdir
-p...
yes
checking
for
grep
that handles long lines and -e...
/bin/grep
checking
for
egrep
...
/bin/grep
-E
checking build system
type
... i686-pc-linux-gnu
checking host system
type
... i686-pc-linux-gnu
checking target system
type
... i686-pc-linux-gnu
configure:
configure: Configuring Apache Portable Runtime library...
configure:
checking
for
APR...
yes
setting CC to
"gcc"
setting CPP to
"gcc -E"
setting CFLAGS to
" -g -O2 -pthread"
setting CPPFLAGS to
" -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE"
setting LDFLAGS to
" "
configure:
configure: Configuring Apache Portable Runtime Utility library...
configure:
checking
for
APR-util... no
configure: error: APR-util not found. Please
read
the documentation.
[root@justin httpd-2.4.7]
#
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已经安装好了APR-util还是提示没安装，我们需要在配置是指定他位置
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[root@justin httpd-2.4.7]
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache/ --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/
checking
for
chosen layout... Apache
checking
for
working
mkdir
-p...
yes
checking
for
grep
that handles long lines and -e...
/bin/grep
checking
for
egrep
...
/bin/grep
-E
checking build system
type
... i686-pc-linux-gnu
checking host system
type
... i686-pc-linux-gnu
checking target system
type
... i686-pc-linux-gnu
configure:
configure: Configuring Apache Portable Runtime library...
configure:
checking
for
APR...
yes
setting CC to
"gcc"
setting CPP to
"gcc -E"
setting CFLAGS to
" -g -O2 -pthread"
setting CPPFLAGS to
" -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE"
setting LDFLAGS to
" "
configure:
configure: Configuring Apache Portable Runtime Utility library...
configure:
checking
for
APR-util...
yes
checking
for
gcc... gcc
checking whether the C compiler works...
yes
checking
for
C compiler default output
file
name... a.out
checking
for
suffix of executables...
checking whether we are cross compiling... no
checking
for
suffix of object files... o
checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler...
yes
checking whether gcc accepts -g...
yes
checking
for
gcc option to accept ISO C89... none needed
checking how to run the C preprocessor... gcc -E
checking
for
gcc option to accept ISO C99... -std=gnu99
checking
for
pcre-config...
false
configure: error: pcre-config
for
libpcre not found. PCRE is required and available from http:
//pcre
.org/
[root@justin httpd-2.4.7]
#
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编译安装就是这么坑，你需要解决一系列的依赖关系，再次提示错误configure: error: pcre-config forlibpcre not found. PCRE is required and available from http://pcre.org/，同样我们需要先安装这个pcre
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[root@justin src]
# wget http://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.34/pcre-8.34.zip -P /usr/local/src/
[root@justin httpd-2.4.7]
# cd ..
[root@justin src]
# unzip -o pcre-8.34.zip
[root@justin src]
# cd pcre-8.34
[root@justin pcre-8.34]
# mkdir /usr/local/pcre
[root@justin pcre-8.34]
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre/
checking
for
dirent.h...
yes
checking windows.h usability... no
checking windows.h presence... no
checking
for
windows.h... no
configure: error: You need a C++ compiler
for
C++ support.
[root@justin pcre-8.34]
#
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configure: error: You need a C++ compiler forC++ support.需要安装C++，前面安装gcc的时候可以一起安装了，免得这步又的安装
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[root@justin pcre-8.34]
# yum install gcc-c++ -y
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安装好再来安装pcre
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[root@justin pcre-8.34]
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre/
[root@justin pcre-8.34]
# make && make install
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最后再回到安装Apache
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[root@justin httpd-2.4.7]
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache/ --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/ --with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre/
config.status: creating build
/pkg/pkginfo
config.status: creating build
/config_vars
.sh
config.status: creating include
/ap_config_auto
.h
config.status: executing default commands
[root@justin httpd-2.4.7]
# make && make install
mkdir
/usr/local/apache/man/man8
mkdir
/usr/local/apache/manual
make
[1]: Leaving directory `
/usr/local/src/httpd-2
.4.7'
[root@justin httpd-2.4.7]
#
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总算没有再报错，源码编译安装虽然灵活但是安装很复杂，需要解决一系列依赖关系问题，这里只是纯粹的安装Apache服务。仅能提供最基本的静态网站数据而已，想要实现动态网站的话，最好还是要PHP与MySQL的支持，
1、configure 这一步一般用来生成 Makefile，为下一步的编译做准备
2、make 这一步就是编译，大多数的源代码包都经过这一步进行编译（当然有些perl或python编写的软件需要调用perl或python来进行编译）。 如果 在 make 过程中出现 error ，你就要记下错误代码（注意不仅仅是最后一行），make 的作用是开始进行源代码编译，以及一些功能的提供，这些功能由他的 Makefile 设置文件提供相关的功能，make 是 Linux 开发套件里面自动化编译的一个控制程序，他通过借助 Makefile 里面编写的编译规范进行自动化的调用 gcc 、ld 以及运行某些需要的程序进行编译的程序。一般情况下，他所使用的 Makefile 控制代码，由 configure 这个设置脚本根据给定的参数和系统环境生成。
3、make install 这条命令来进行安装（当然有些软件需要先运行 make check 或 make test来进行一些测试），这一步一般需要你有 root 权限（因为要向系统写入文件），make install 一般表示进行安装，make uninstall 是卸载
本文转自 justin_peng 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/ityunwei2017/1352138，如需转载请自行联系原作者
