前段时间写了一篇博文名为《利用Python脚本获取Windows和Linux的系统版本信息》，本篇博文利用这篇文章中的知识提供一个增强版本的获取信息的Python脚本。执行后，看起来就像登录Ubuntu Linux系统时提示的motd信息一样，可以看到：
-
系统的类型、发行版本（具体信息）、内核版本等
-
当前系统的时间、时区
-
系统每一个CPU核心的负载和CPU整体负载
-
进程数量
-
根分区的磁盘空间，Windows下默认C盘
-
登录的用户总数和每一个登录到系统的用户的信息
-
内存和交换分区的利用率
-
默认网卡的IP地址
-
系统启动时间和已运行时间
运行截图如下：
（1）Linux下截图：
（2）Windows下截图：
Python代码如下：
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#!/usr/bin/python
# encoding: utf-8
# -*- coding: utf8 -*-
"""
Created by PyCharm.
File: LinuxBashShellScriptForOps:getSystemStatus.py
User: Guodong
Create Date: 2016/8/18
Create Time: 15:32
"""
import
platform
import
psutil
import
subprocess
import
os
import
sys
import
time
import
re
import
prettytable
mswindows
=
(sys.platform
=
=
"win32"
)
# learning from 'subprocess' module
linux
=
(sys.platform
=
=
"linux2"
)
def
getLocalIP():
import
netifaces
routingNicName
=
netifaces.gateways()[
'default'
][netifaces.AF_INET][
1
]
for
interface
in
netifaces.interfaces():
if
interface
=
=
routingNicName:
try
:
routingIPAddr
=
netifaces.ifaddresses(interface)[netifaces.AF_INET][
0
][
'addr'
]
return
interface, routingIPAddr
except
KeyError:
pass
def
getUser():
if
linux:
proc_obj
=
subprocess.Popen(r
'tty'
, shell
=
True
, stdout
=
subprocess.PIPE,
stderr
=
subprocess.STDOUT)
tty
=
proc_obj.communicate()[
0
]
else
:
tty
=
[]
user_object
=
psutil.users()
for
login
in
user_object:
username, login_tty, login_host, login_time
=
[suser
for
suser
in
login]
print
username, login_tty, login_host, time.strftime(
'%b %d %H:%M:%S'
, time.localtime(login_time)),
if
login_tty
in
tty:
print
'**current user**'
else
:
print
def
getTimeZone():
return
time.strftime(
"%Z"
, time.gmtime())
def
getTimeNow():
now
=
time.strftime(
'%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y %Z'
, time.localtime(time.time()))
return
now
def
printHeader():
if
linux:
try
:
with
open
(
'/etc/issue'
) as f:
content
=
f.read().strip()
output_list
=
re.split(r
' \\'
, content)
linux_type
=
list
(output_list)[
0
]
except
IOError:
pass
else
:
if
linux_type
is
not
None
:
return
"Welcome to %s (%s %s %s)\n System information as of %s"
%
(
linux_type, platform.system(), platform.release(), platform.machine(), getTimeNow()
)
else
:
return
if
mswindows:
def
get_system_encoding():
import
codecs
import
locale
"""
The encoding of the default system locale but falls back to the given
fallback encoding if the encoding is unsupported by python or could
not be determined. See tickets #10335 and #5846
"""
try
:
encoding
=
locale.getdefaultlocale()[
1
]
or
'ascii'
codecs.lookup(encoding)
except
Exception:
encoding
=
'ascii'
return
encoding
DEFAULT_LOCALE_ENCODING
=
get_system_encoding()
import
_winreg
try
:
reg_key
=
_winreg.OpenKey(_winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,
"SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion"
)
if
reg_key:
ProductName
=
_winreg.QueryValueEx(reg_key,
"ProductName"
)[
0
]
or
None
EditionId
=
_winreg.QueryValueEx(reg_key,
"EditionId"
)[
0
]
or
None
ReleaseId
=
_winreg.QueryValueEx(reg_key,
"ReleaseId"
)[
0
]
or
None
BuildLabEx
=
_winreg.QueryValueEx(reg_key,
"BuildLabEx"
)[
0
][:
9
]
or
None
return
"%s, %s [%s]\r\nVersion %s (OS Internal Version %s)"
%
(
ProductName, EditionId, platform.version(), ReleaseId, BuildLabEx)
except
Exception as e:
print
e.message.decode(DEFAULT_LOCALE_ENCODING)
def
getHostname():
return
platform.node()
def
getCPU():
return
[x
/
100.0
for
x
in
psutil.cpu_percent(interval
=
0
, percpu
=
True
)]
def
getLoadAverage():
if
linux:
import
multiprocessing
k
=
1.0
k
/
=
multiprocessing.cpu_count()
if
os.path.exists(
'/proc/loadavg'
):
return
[
float
(
open
(
'/proc/loadavg'
).read().split()[x])
*
k
for
x
in
range
(
3
)]
else
:
tokens
=
subprocess.check_output([
'uptime'
]).split()
return
[
float
(x.strip(
','
))
*
k
for
x
in
tokens[
-
3
:]]
if
mswindows:
# print psutil.cpu_percent()
# print psutil.cpu_times_percent()
# print psutil.cpu_times()
# print psutil.cpu_stats()
return
"%.2f%%"
%
psutil.cpu_percent()
def
getMemory():
v
=
psutil.virtual_memory()
return
{
'used'
: v.total
-
v.available,
'free'
: v.available,
'total'
: v.total,
'percent'
: v.percent,
}
def
getVirtualMemory():
v
=
psutil.swap_memory()
return
{
'used'
: v.used,
'free'
: v.free,
'total'
: v.total,
'percent'
: v.percent
}
def
getUptime():
uptime_file
=
"/proc/uptime"
if
os.path.exists(uptime_file):
with
open
(uptime_file,
'r'
) as f:
return
f.read().split(
' '
)[
0
].strip(
"\n"
)
else
:
return
time.time()
-
psutil.boot_time()
def
getUptime2():
boot_time
=
time.strftime(
"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
, time.localtime(psutil.boot_time()))
print
"system start at: %s"
%
boot_time,
uptime_total_seconds
=
time.time()
-
psutil.boot_time()
uptime_days
=
int
(uptime_total_seconds
/
24
/
60
/
60
)
uptime_hours
=
int
(uptime_total_seconds
/
60
/
60
%
24
)
uptime_minutes
=
int
(uptime_total_seconds
/
60
%
60
)
uptime_seconds
=
int
(uptime_total_seconds
%
60
)
print
"uptime: %d days %d hours %d minutes %d seconds"
%
(uptime_days, uptime_hours, uptime_minutes, uptime_seconds)
user_number
=
len
(psutil.users())
print
"%d user:"
%
user_number
print
" \\"
for
user_tuple
in
psutil.users():
user_name
=
user_tuple[
0
]
user_terminal
=
user_tuple[
1
]
user_host
=
user_tuple[
2
]
user_login_time
=
time.strftime(
"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
, time.localtime(user_tuple[
3
]))
print
" |- user online: %s, login from %s with terminal %s at %s"
%
(
user_name, user_host, user_terminal, user_login_time)
cpu_count
=
psutil.cpu_count()
try
:
with
open
(
'/proc/loadavg'
,
'r'
) as f:
loadavg_c
=
f.read().split(
' '
)
loadavg
=
dict
()
if
loadavg_c
is
not
None
:
loadavg[
'lavg_1'
]
=
loadavg_c[
0
]
loadavg[
'lavg_5'
]
=
loadavg_c[
1
]
loadavg[
'lavg_15'
]
=
loadavg_c[
2
]
loadavg[
'nr'
]
=
loadavg_c[
3
]
loadavg[
'last_pid'
]
=
loadavg_c[
4
]
print
"load average: %s, %s, %s"
%
(loadavg[
'lavg_1'
], loadavg[
'lavg_5'
], loadavg[
'lavg_15'
])
if
float
(loadavg[
'lavg_15'
]) > cpu_count:
print
"Note: cpu 15 min load is high!"
if
float
(loadavg[
'lavg_5'
]) > cpu_count:
print
"Note: cpu 5 min load is high!"
if
float
(loadavg[
'lavg_1'
]) > cpu_count:
print
"Note: cpu 1 min load is high!"
except
IOError:
pass
if
__name__
=
=
'__main__'
:
header
=
printHeader()
print
header
print
system_load
=
str
(getLoadAverage()).strip(
"[]"
)
user_logged_in
=
len
(psutil.users())
info_of_root_partition
=
psutil.disk_usage(
"/"
)
percent_of_root_partition_usage
=
"%.2f%%"
%
(
float
(info_of_root_partition.used)
*
100
/
float
(info_of_root_partition.total))
total_size_of_root_partition
=
"%.2f"
%
(
float
(psutil.disk_usage(
"/"
).total
/
1024
)
/
1024
/
1024
)
memory_info
=
getMemory()
memory_usage
=
"%.2f%%"
%
(
float
(memory_info[
'used'
])
*
100
/
float
(memory_info[
'total'
]))
swap_info
=
getVirtualMemory()
swap_usage
=
"%.2f%%"
%
(
float
(swap_info[
'used'
])
*
100
/
float
(swap_info[
'total'
]))
local_ip_address
=
getLocalIP()
table
=
prettytable.PrettyTable(border
=
False
, header
=
False
, left_padding_width
=
2
)
table.field_names
=
[
"key1"
,
"value1"
,
"key2"
,
"value2"
]
table.add_row([
"System load:"
, system_load,
"Processes:"
,
len
(
list
(psutil.process_iter()))])
table.add_row([
"Usage of /:"
,
"%s of %sGB"
%
(percent_of_root_partition_usage, total_size_of_root_partition),
"Users logged in:"
, user_logged_in])
table.add_row([
"Memory usage:"
, memory_usage,
"IP address for %s:"
%
local_ip_address[
0
], local_ip_address[
1
]])
table.add_row([
"Swap usage:"
, swap_usage, "
", "
"])
for
field
in
table.field_names:
table.align[field]
=
"l"
print
table.get_string()
print
getUser()
print
getUptime2()
|
注：脚本内容可以通过GitHub获取，https://github.com/DingGuodong/LinuxBashShellScriptForOps/blob/master/functions/system/getSystemStatus.py，欢迎star、fork。
已知存在问题：
-
暂时未实现获取Windows下网卡的中文可视名称
-
Windows下的tty名称默认为None，暂时没有设置对用户友好的显示
-
Ubuntu Linux上motd信息的用户登录数量显示为同一用户同一个IP的多个用户视为同一用户，脚本中视为不同用户
-
首次运行可能需要安装依赖的地方库，如psutil、platform、prettytable、netifaces等，请使用easy_install、pip、conda等安装。
-
其他的因为时间原因未指出和未实现的问题，欢迎在文章下面评论留言和在GitHub上提issue
tag:Python、Linux系统信息、Windows系统信息
--end--
本文转自 urey_pp 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/dgd2010/1891468，如需转载请自行联系原作者
