网络之NSURLSession-阿里云开发者社区

NSUrlSession参考的这篇博客,自己也调试了它的代码:http://www.it165.net/pro/html/201406/15223.html ,对NSUrlSession还不太理解,先记下笔记,随后慢慢消化

AppDelegate.h

//
//  AppDelegate.h
//  NSUrlSession
//
//  Created by City--Online on 15/4/27.
//  Copyright (c) 2015年 CYW. All rights reserved.
//
 
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
typedef void(^MyBlock)();
@interface AppDelegate : UIResponder <UIApplicationDelegate>
@property (strong, nonatomic) UIWindow *window;
@property (copy, nonatomic) MyBlock backgroundURLSessionCompletionHandler;
 
@end

AppDelegate.m

- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application handleEventsForBackgroundURLSession:(NSString *)identifier completionHandler:(void (^)())completionHandler{
     
    self.backgroundURLSessionCompletionHandler = completionHandler;
}

ViewController.m

//
//  ViewController.m
//  NSUrlSession
//
//  Created by City--Online on 15/4/27.
//  Copyright (c) 2015年 CYW. All rights reserved.
//
 
#import "ViewController.h"
#import "AppDelegate.h"
 
@interface ViewController ()<NSURLSessionDelegate>
@property (nonatomic,strong)UIImageView *imageView;
@property (nonatomic,strong)UIProgressView *progressIndicator;
 
@property (nonatomic,strong)NSURLSession *urlSession;         //  普通会话
//@property (nonatomic,strong)NSURLSession *backgroundSession;  //  后台会话
@property (nonatomic,strong)NSURLSessionDownloadTask *sessionDownloadTask;  //  下载Task
@property (nonatomic,strong)NSURLSessionDownloadTask *resumableTask;        //  恢复下载Task
@property (nonatomic,strong)NSURLSessionDownloadTask *backgroundTask;       //  后台下载Task
@property (nonatomic,strong)NSData *partialData;   //  下载的局部数据
 
@end
 
@implementation ViewController
 
- (void)viewDidLoad{
     
    [super viewDidLoad];
     
    self.imageView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 64, 320, 300)];
    [self.view addSubview:_imageView];
     
    self.progressIndicator = [[UIProgressView alloc] initWithProgressViewStyle:UIProgressViewStyleDefault];
    _progressIndicator.frame = CGRectMake(50, 500, 220, 50);
    [self.view addSubview:_progressIndicator];
     
    UIButton *cancleButton = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeSystem];
    cancleButton.frame = CGRectMake(120, 400, 40, 40);
    [cancleButton setTitle:@"取消" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [cancleButton addTarget:self action:@selector(didClickCancleButtonAction:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
    [self.view addSubview:cancleButton];
     
    UIButton *downloadButton = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeSystem];
    downloadButton.frame = CGRectMake(20, 400, 40, 40);
    [downloadButton setTitle:@"下载" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [downloadButton addTarget:self action:@selector(didClickDownloadButtonAction:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
    [self.view addSubview:downloadButton];
     
    UIButton *uploadButton = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeSystem];
    uploadButton.frame = CGRectMake(70, 400, 40, 40);
    [uploadButton setTitle:@"上传" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [uploadButton addTarget:self action:@selector(didClickUploadButtonAction:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
    [self.view addSubview:uploadButton];
     
    UIButton *resumableButton = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeSystem];
    resumableButton.frame = CGRectMake(180, 400, 40, 40);
    [resumableButton setTitle:@"恢复" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [resumableButton addTarget:self action:@selector(didClickResuableButtonAction:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
    [self.view addSubview:resumableButton];
     
    UIButton *backgroundLoadButton = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeSystem];
    backgroundLoadButton.frame = CGRectMake(220, 400, 80, 40);
    [backgroundLoadButton setTitle:@"后台下载" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [backgroundLoadButton addTarget:self action:@selector(didClickBackgroundButtonAction:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
    [self.view addSubview:backgroundLoadButton];
     
     
#pragma mark - 如果我们需要利用NSURLSession进行数据传输我们需要：
    /**
     *  创建一个NSURLSessionConfiguration，用于创建NSSession时设置工作模式(3种)
     *  (1)一般模式（default）：工作模式类似于原来的NSURLConnection，可以使用缓存的Cache，Cookie，鉴权。
     *  (2)及时模式（ephemeral）：不使用缓存的Cache，Cookie，鉴权。
     *  (3)后台模式（background）：在后台完成上传下载，创建Configuration对象的时候需要给一个NSString的ID用于追踪完成工作的Session是哪一个
     */
    NSURLSessionConfiguration *sessionConfig = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration];
     
    /**
     *  @网络设置：参考NSURLConnection中的设置项
     *  两种创建方法(目前不太懂什么区别)
     *  (1)就是根据刚才创建的Configuration创建一个Session，系统默认创建一个新的OperationQueue处理Session的消息
     *  (2)可以设定回调的delegate（注意这个回调delegate会被强引用），并且可以设定delegate在哪个OperationQueue回调，如果我们将其
     *     设置为[NSOperationQueue mainQueue]就能在主线程进行回调非常的方便
     */
    //NSURLSession *session = [NSURLSession sessionWithConfiguration:sessionConfig];
    self.urlSession = [NSURLSession sessionWithConfiguration:sessionConfig delegate:self delegateQueue:[NSOperationQueue currentQueue]];
    NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://assets.sbnation.com/assets/2512203/dogflops.gif"];
    NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
     
    /**
     *  NSURLSessionUploadTask：上传用的Task，传完以后不会再下载返回结果；
     *  NSURLSessionDownloadTask：下载用的Task；
     *  NSURLSessionDataTask：可以上传内容，上传完成后再进行下载。
     */
    self.sessionDownloadTask = [self.urlSession downloadTaskWithRequest:request];
     
    //  同NSURLConnection一样,有代理方法也就有block方法
    //    [session dataTaskWithRequest:request completionHandler:^(NSData *data, NSURLResponse *response, NSError *error) {
    //    }];
     
}
 
#pragma mark 点击下载
- (void)didClickDownloadButtonAction:(UIButton *)button{
     
    // 因为任务默认是挂起状态，需要恢复任务（执行任务）
    [_sessionDownloadTask resume];
     
}
 
#pragma mark 点击上传
- (void)didClickUploadButtonAction:(UIButton *)button{
     
    //判断imageView是否有内容
    if (_imageView.image == nil) {
         
        NSLog(@"image view is empty");
        return;
         
    }
     
    // 0. 上传之前在界面上添加指示符
    UIActivityIndicatorView *indicator = [[UIActivityIndicatorView alloc] initWithActivityIndicatorStyle:UIActivityIndicatorViewStyleGray];
    // 设置位置???
    CGSize size = _imageView.bounds.size;
    indicator.center = CGPointMake(size.width / 2.0, size.height / 2.0);
    [self.imageView addSubview:indicator];
    [indicator startAnimating];
     
    // 1. URL
    NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://assets.sbnation.com/assets/2512203/dogflops.gif"];
     
    // 2. Request -> PUT,request的默认操作是GET
    NSMutableURLRequest *request = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:url cachePolicy:NSURLRequestUseProtocolCachePolicy timeoutInterval:5.0f];
    request.HTTPMethod = @"PUT";
     
    // *** 设置网络请求的身份验证! ***
     
    // 1> 授权字符串
     
    NSString *authStr = @"admin:123456";
     
    // 2> BASE64的编码,避免数据在网络上以明文传输
    // iOS中,仅对NSData类型的数据提供了BASE64的编码支持
    NSData *authData = [authStr dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
    NSString *encodeStr = [authData base64EncodedStringWithOptions:NSDataBase64EncodingEndLineWithCarriageReturn];
    NSString *authValue = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Basic %@", encodeStr];
    [request setValue:authValue forHTTPHeaderField:@"Authorization"];
     
    // 3. Session
    NSURLSessionConfiguration *sessionConfig = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration];
     
    NSURLSession *session = [NSURLSession sessionWithConfiguration:sessionConfig delegate:self delegateQueue:[NSOperationQueue mainQueue]];
     
     
    // 4. UploadTask
    NSData *imageData = UIImageJPEGRepresentation(_imageView.image, 0.75);
    //  应用block的请求方式
    NSURLSessionUploadTask *uploadTask = [session uploadTaskWithRequest:request fromData:imageData completionHandler:^(NSData *data, NSURLResponse *response, NSError *error) {
         
        // 上传完成后,data参数转换成string就是服务器返回的内容
         
        NSString *str = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
        NSLog(@"OK -> %@", str);
         
        [NSThread sleepForTimeInterval:5.0f];
         
        dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
             
            [indicator stopAnimating];
            [indicator removeFromSuperview];
             
        });
         
    }];
     
    // 因为任务默认是挂起状态，需要恢复任务（执行任务）
    [uploadTask resume];
}
 
#pragma mark 点击取消
//  NSURLConnection一旦发送是没法取消的。但是，我们可以很容易的取消掉一个NSURLSessionTask任务
- (void)didClickCancleButtonAction:(UIButton *)button{
     
    /**
     *  当取消后，会回调这个URLSession:task:didCompleteWithError:代理方法，通知你去及时更新UI。当取消一个任务后，也
     *  十分可能会再一次回调这个代理方法URLSession:downloadTask:didWriteData:BytesWritten:totalBytesExpectedToWrite:
     *  当然，didComplete 方法肯定是最后一个回调的。
     */
        if (_sessionDownloadTask) {
     
            //  取消下载请求
            [_sessionDownloadTask cancel];
            _sessionDownloadTask = nil;
        }
     
    if (!self.sessionDownloadTask) {
         
        //  停止下载任务,把待恢复的数据保存到一个变量中，方便后面恢复下载使用
        [self.sessionDownloadTask cancelByProducingResumeData:^(NSData *resumeData) {
             
            self.partialData = resumeData;
             
            self.sessionDownloadTask = nil;
             
             
        }];
    }
}
 
#pragma mark  恢复下载(断点续传)
- (void)didClickResuableButtonAction:(UIButton *)button{
     
    if (self.partialData) {
         
        self.sessionDownloadTask = [self.urlSession downloadTaskWithResumeData:self.partialData];
        self.partialData = nil;
         
    }else{
         
        NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://assets.sbnation.com/assets/2512203/dogflops.gif"]];
        self.resumableTask = [self.urlSession downloadTaskWithRequest:request];
         
    }
     
    [self.sessionDownloadTask resume];
     
}
 
#pragma mark 后台下载模式
- (void)didClickBackgroundButtonAction:(UIButton *)button{
     
    NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://assets.sbnation.com/assets/2512203/dogflops.gif"]];
                                                          self.backgroundTask = [[self backgroundSession] downloadTaskWithRequest:request];
                                                           
                                                          [self.backgroundTask resume];
                                                          }
                                                           
#pragma mark - NSURLSessionDownloadTaskDelegate
//  下载完成
- (void)URLSession:(NSURLSession *)session downloadTask:(NSURLSessionDownloadTask *)downloadTask didFinishDownloadingToURL:(NSURL *)location{
   
  /**
   *******->appDelegete里面的方法
   typedef void(^MyBlock)();
   @property (copy, nonatomic) MyBlock backgroundURLSessionCompletionHandler;
   //  后台请求结束时调用的方法
   - (void)application:(UIApplication *)application handleEventsForBackgroundURLSession:(NSString *)identifier completionHandler:(void (^)())completionHandler{
    
   self.backgroundURLSessionCompletionHandler = completionHandler;
   }
    
   */
  //  如果是后台NSURLSession,后台请求结束后会调用这个方法,通知你应该更新UI了
  if (session == [self backgroundSession]) {
       
      self.backgroundTask = nil;
      AppDelegate *appDelegate = (AppDelegate *)[UIApplication sharedApplication].delegate;
      if (appDelegate.backgroundURLSessionCompletionHandler) {
          void(^handler)() = appDelegate.backgroundURLSessionCompletionHandler;
          appDelegate.backgroundURLSessionCompletionHandler = nil;
          handler();
      }
       
  }
   
  //  这里的缓存处理做的不好,大家按自己的方法处理就行,还有图片的存储以它本身的URL路径为准,这样是不会有重复的
  NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
  NSURL *cachesURLPath = [[fileManager URLsForDirectory:NSCachesDirectory inDomains:NSUserDomainMask] lastObject];
  //  根据URL获取到下载的文件名,拼接成沙盒的存储路径(location是下载的临时文件目录,在tmp文件夹里面)
  NSURL *destinationPath = [cachesURLPath URLByAppendingPathComponent:[location lastPathComponent]];
   
  NSError *error = nil;
  BOOL success = [fileManager moveItemAtURL:location toURL:destinationPath error:&error];
  [fileManager removeItemAtURL:location error:NULL];
   
  //  location是下载的临时文件目录,将文件从临时文件夹复制到沙盒
  //    BOOL success = [fileManager copyItemAtURL:location toURL:destinationPath error:&error];
  if (success) {
       
      dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
           
          UIImage *image = [UIImage imageWithContentsOfFile:[destinationPath path]];
          self.imageView.image = image;
          //  UIImageView会自动裁剪图片适应它的frame,下面这个属性就是展示原图
          self.imageView.contentMode = UIViewContentModeScaleAspectFill;
           
      });
  }
   
}
 
//  不管任务是否成功，在完成后都会回调这个代理方法
- (void)URLSession:(NSURLSession *)session task:(NSURLSessionTask *)task didCompleteWithError:(NSError *)error{
   
  //  如果error是nil，则证明下载是成功的，否则就要通过它来查询失败的原因。如果下载了一部分，这个error会包含一个NSData对象，如果后面要恢复任务可以用到
  if (error == nil) {
       
      dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
           
          self.progressIndicator.hidden = YES;
      });
  }
   
}
 
//  传输进度
- (void)URLSession:(NSURLSession *)session downloadTask:(NSURLSessionDownloadTask *)downloadTask didWriteData:(int64_t)bytesWritten totalBytesWritten:(int64_t)totalBytesWritten totalBytesExpectedToWrite:(int64_t)totalBytesExpectedToWrite{
   
  double currentValue = totalBytesWritten / (double)totalBytesExpectedToWrite;
  dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
      NSLog(@"%f",currentValue);
      self.progressIndicator.hidden = NO;
      self.progressIndicator.progress = currentValue;
  });
}
 
//  未知
- (void)URLSession:(NSURLSession *)session downloadTask:(NSURLSessionDownloadTask *)downloadTask didResumeAtOffset:(int64_t)fileOffset expectedTotalBytes:(int64_t)expectedTotalBytes{
   
}
 
#pragma mark - NSURLSession另一个重要的特性：即使当应用不在前台时，你也可以继续传输任务。当然，我们的会话模式也要为后台模式
- (NSURLSession *)backgroundSession{
   
  //  通过给的后台token，我们只能创建一个后台会话，所以这里使用dispatch once block
  static NSURLSession *backgroundSession = nil;
  static dispatch_once_t onceToken;
  dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{
      NSURLSessionConfiguration *config=[NSURLSessionConfiguration backgroundSessionConfigurationWithIdentifier:@"com.shinobicontrols.BackgroundDownload.BackgroundSession"];
//      NSURLSessionConfiguration *config = [NSURLSessionConfiguration backgroundSessionConfiguration:@"com.shinobicontrols.BackgroundDownload.BackgroundSession"];
      backgroundSession = [NSURLSession sessionWithConfiguration:config delegate:self delegateQueue:nil];
       
  });
   
  return backgroundSession;
}
- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {
    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
    // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
}
 
@end

网络之NSURLSession

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