Shrio登陆验证实例详细解读（转）-阿里云开发者社区

摘要：本文采用了Spring+SpringMVC+Mybatis+Shiro+Msql来写了一个登陆验证的实例，下面来看看过程吧！整个工程基于Mavevn来创建，运行环境为JDK1.6+WIN7+tomcat7.

这里主要说了Shiro的搭建过程，Spring+SpringMVC+Mybatis的搭建过可以看这里Spring+Mybatis+SpringMVC+Maven+MySql搭建实例

整体工程免费下载：http://download.csdn.net/detail/evankaka/9331135

最终效果如下：

工程整体的目录如下：

java代码如下：

配置文件如下：

页面资源如下：

好了，下面来简单说下过程吧！

准备工作：

先建表：

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drop table if exists user;
CREATE TABLE `user` (
`id` int(11) primary key auto_increment,
`name` varchar(20) NOT NULL,
`age` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`birthday` date DEFAULT NULL,
`password` varchar(20) NOT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
insert into user values(1,'lin',12,'2013-12-01','123456');
insert into user values(2,'apple',34,'1999-12-01','123456');
insert into user values(3,'evankaka',23,'2017-12-01','123456');

建好后，新建一个Maven的webApp的工程，记得把结构设置成上面的那样！

下面来看看一些代码和配置

1、POM文件

注意不要少导包了，如果项目出现红叉，一般都是JDK版本的设置问题，自己百度一下就可以解决

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<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.lin</groupId>
<artifactId>ShiroLearn1</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>ShiroLearn1 Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<spring.version>3.2.8.RELEASE</spring.version>
<slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version>
<junit.version>4.10</junit.version>
<mybatis.version>3.2.1</mybatis.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.2.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.29</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0-alpha-1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-core</artifactId>
<version>1.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-web</artifactId>
<version>1.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-ehcache</artifactId>
<version>1.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.2.1</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>ShiroLearn1</finalName>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<version>2.4</version>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3.2</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.6</source>
<target>1.6</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>

2、自定义Shiro拦截器

这里这个拦截器完成了用户名和密码的验证，验证成功后又给用赋角色和权限（注意，这里赋角色和权限我直接写进去了，没有使用数据库，一般都是要通过service层找到用户名后，再去数据库查该用户对应的角色以及权限，然后再加入到shiro中去）

代码如下：

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package com.lin.realm;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.SimpleAuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.cache.Cache;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.SimplePrincipalCollection;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import com.lin.domain.User;
import com.lin.service.UserService;
import com.lin.utils.CipherUtil;
public class ShiroDbRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ShiroDbRealm.class);
private static final String ALGORITHM = "MD5";
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
public ShiroDbRealm() {
super();
}
/**
* 验证登陆
*/
@Override
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(
AuthenticationToken authcToken) throws AuthenticationException {
UsernamePasswordToken token = (UsernamePasswordToken) authcToken;
System.out.println(token.getUsername());
User user = userService.findUserByLoginName(token.getUsername());
System.out.println(user);
CipherUtil cipher = new CipherUtil();//MD5加密
if (user != null) {
return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(user.getName(), cipher.generatePassword(user.getPassword()), getName());
}else{
throw new AuthenticationException();
}
}
/**
* 登陆成功之后，进行角色和权限验证
*/
@Override
protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principals) {
/*这里应该根据userName使用role和permission 的serive层来做判断，并将对应的权限加进来，下面简化了这一步*/
Set<String> roleNames = new HashSet<String>();
Set<String> permissions = new HashSet<String>();
roleNames.add("admin");//添加角色。对应到index.jsp
roleNames.add("administrator");
permissions.add("create");//添加权限,对应到index.jsp
permissions.add("login.do?main");
permissions.add("login.do?logout");
SimpleAuthorizationInfo info = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo(roleNames);
info.setStringPermissions(permissions);
return info;
}
/**
* 清除所有用户授权信息缓存.
*/
public void clearCachedAuthorizationInfo(String principal) {
SimplePrincipalCollection principals = new SimplePrincipalCollection(principal, getName());
clearCachedAuthorizationInfo(principals);
}
/**
* 清除所有用户授权信息缓存.
*/
public void clearAllCachedAuthorizationInfo() {
Cache<Object, AuthorizationInfo> cache = getAuthorizationCache();
if (cache != null) {
for (Object key : cache.keys()) {
cache.remove(key);
}
}
}
// @PostConstruct
// public void initCredentialsMatcher() {//MD5鍔犲瘑
// HashedCredentialsMatcher matcher = new HashedCredentialsMatcher(ALGORITHM);
// setCredentialsMatcher(matcher);
// }
}

3、shiro的配置文件：spring-shiro.xml

内容如下：

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd"
default-lazy-init="true">
<description>Shiro Configuration</description>
<bean id="securityManager" class="org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager">
<property name="realm" ref="shiroDbRealm" />
<property name="cacheManager" ref="cacheManager" />
</bean>
<bean id="shiroDbRealm" class="com.lin.realm.ShiroDbRealm">
<property name="cacheManager" ref="cacheManager" />
</bean>
<bean id="shiroFilter" class="org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean">
<property name="securityManager" ref="securityManager" />
<property name="loginUrl" value="/login.do" />
<property name="successUrl" value="/view/index.html" />
<property name="unauthorizedUrl" value="/error/noperms.jsp" />
<property name="filterChainDefinitions">
<value>
/index.html = authc
/checkLogin.do = anon
/login.do = anon
/logout.html = anon
/** = authc
</value>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="cacheManager" class="org.apache.shiro.cache.MemoryConstrainedCacheManager" />
<bean id="lifecycleBeanPostProcessor" class="org.apache.shiro.spring.LifecycleBeanPostProcessor" />
<bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator"
depends-on="lifecycleBeanPostProcessor">
<property name="proxyTargetClass" value="true" />
</bean>
<bean class="org.apache.shiro.spring.security.interceptor.AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor">
<property name="securityManager" ref="securityManager" />
</bean>
</beans>

这里简要说明下：

（1）

securityManager：这个属性是必须的。

loginUrl：没有登录的用户请求需要登录的页面时自动跳转到登录页面，不是必须的属性，不输入地址的话会自动寻找项目web项目的根目录下的”/login.jsp”页面。

successUrl：登录成功默认跳转页面，不配置则跳转至”/”。如果登陆前点击的一个需要登录的页面，则在登录自动跳转到那个需要登录的页面。不跳转到此。

unauthorizedUrl：没有权限默认跳转的页面。

（2）

anon:例子/admins/**=anon 没有参数，表示可以匿名使用。

authc:例如/admins/user/**=authc表示需要认证(登录)才能使用，没有参数

roles：例子/admins/user/**=roles[admin],参数可以写多个，多个时必须加上引号，并且参数之间用逗号分割，当有多个参数时，例如admins/user/**=roles["admin,guest"],每个参数通过才算通过，相当于hasAllRoles()方法。

perms：例子/admins/user/**=perms[user:add:*],参数可以写多个，多个时必须加上引号，并且参数之间用逗号分割，例如/admins/user/**=perms["user:add:*,user:modify:*"]，当有多个参数时必须每个参数都通过才通过，想当于isPermitedAll()方法。

rest：例子/admins/user/**=rest[user],根据请求的方法，相当于/admins/user/**=perms[user:method] ,其中method为post，get，delete等。

port：例子/admins/user/**=port[8081],当请求的url的端口不是8081是跳转到schemal://serverName:8081?queryString,其中schmal是协议http或https等，serverName是你访问的host,8081是url配置里port的端口，queryString

是你访问的url里的？后面的参数。

authcBasic：例如/admins/user/**=authcBasic没有参数表示httpBasic认证

ssl:例子/admins/user/**=ssl没有参数，表示安全的url请求，协议为https

user:例如/admins/user/**=user没有参数表示必须存在用户，当登入操作时不做检查

注：anon，authcBasic，auchc，user是认证过滤器，

perms，roles，ssl，rest，port是授权过滤器

4、web.xml配置解读shiro的配置文件（上面的）

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>/login.do</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:application.xml,classpath:shiro/spring-shiro.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>webAppRootKey</param-name>
<param-value>springmvc.root</param-value>
</context-param>
<filter>
<filter-name>SpringEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>SpringEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>targetFilterLifecycle</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<context-param>
<param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:log4j.properties</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>log4jRefreshInterval</param-name>
<param-value>6000</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<session-config>
<session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
</session-config>
<error-page>
<error-code>404</error-code>
<location>/WEB-INF/views/error/404.jsp</location>
</error-page>
<error-page>
<error-code>401</error-code>
<location>/WEB-INF/views/error/401.jsp</location>
</error-page>
</web-app>

这里不仅配置了SpringMVC还要配置Shiro！

5、登陆页面login.jsp

以下是默认登陆的界面

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<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String url = request.getRequestURL().toString();
url = url.substring(0, url.indexOf('/', url.indexOf("//") + 2));
String context = request.getContextPath();
url += context;
application.setAttribute("ctx", url);
%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${ctx}/checkLogin.do" method="post">
username: <input type="text" name="username"><br>
password: <input type="password" name="password"><br>
<input type="submit" value="登录">
</form>
</body>
</html>

6、验证成功页面index.jsp

如果用户名和密码正确后，跳转到的页面

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<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="shiro" uri="http://shiro.apache.org/tags"%>
<%
String url = request.getRequestURL().toString();
url = url.substring(0, url.indexOf('/', url.indexOf("//") + 2));
String context = request.getContextPath();
url += context;
application.setAttribute("ctx", url);
%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Shiro登陆实例</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Shiro登陆实例</h1><a href="${ctx}/logout.html">退出</a>
<p>一、验证当前用户是否为"访客"，即未认证（包含未记住）的用户</p>
<shiro:guest>
Hi there! Please <a href="login.jsp">Login</a> or <a href="signup.jsp">Signup</a> today!
</shiro:guest>
<p>二、认证通过或已记住的用户</p>
<shiro:user>
Welcome back John! Not John? Click <a href="login.jsp">here<a> to login.
</shiro:user>
<p>三、已认证通过的用户。不包含已记住的用户，这是与user标签的区别所在。</p>
<shiro:authenticated>
<a href="updateAccount.jsp">Update your contact information</a>.
</shiro:authenticated>
<p>四、未认证通过用户，与authenticated标签相对应。与guest标签的区别是，该标签包含已记住用户。</p>
<shiro:notAuthenticated>
Please <a href="login.jsp">login</a> in order to update your credit card information.
</shiro:notAuthenticated>
<p>五、输出当前用户信息，通常为登录帐号信息</p>
Hello, <shiro:principal/>, how are you today?
<p>六、验证当前用户是否属于该角色</p>
<shiro:hasRole name="administrator">
<a href="admin.jsp">Administer the system</a>
</shiro:hasRole>
<p>七、与hasRole标签逻辑相反，当用户不属于该角色时验证通过</p>
<shiro:lacksRole name="administrator">
Sorry, you are not allowed to administer the system.
</shiro:lacksRole>
<p>八、验证当前用户是否属于以下任意一个角色。</p>
<shiro:hasAnyRoles name="developer,manager,administrator">
You are either a developer,manager, or administrator.
</shiro:hasAnyRoles>
<p>九、验证当前用户权限。</p>
<shiro:hasPermission name="create">
<p>当前用户拥有增加的权限！！！！！！！！！！！！！</p>
</shiro:hasPermission>
<shiro:hasPermission name="delete">
<p>当前用户拥有删除的权限！！！！！！！！！！！！！</p>
</shiro:hasPermission>
</body>
</html>

其它页面就不说了，具体看工程吧！

7、controller层来看看

这里/{id}/showUser主要是来验证是否连接成功（现在无法测试了），当然在工程里你也可以到src/test/java里的包com.lin.service下的UserServiceTest.java，那里我也写了一个单元测试的类。

[java] view plain copy

package com.lin.controller;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import com.lin.domain.User;
import com.lin.realm.ShiroDbRealm;
import com.lin.service.UserService;
import com.lin.utils.CipherUtil;
@Controller
public class UserControler {
private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ShiroDbRealm.class);
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
/**
* 验证springmvc与batis连接成功
* @param id
* @param request
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("/{id}/showUser")
public String showUser(@PathVariable int id, HttpServletRequest request) {
User user = userService.getUserById(id);
System.out.println(user.getName());
request.setAttribute("user", user);
return "showUser";
}
/**
* 初始登陆界面
* @param request
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("/login.do")
public String tologin(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Model model){
logger.debug("来自IP[" + request.getRemoteHost() + "]的访问");
return "login";
}
/**
* 验证用户名和密码
* @param request
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("/checkLogin.do")
public String login(HttpServletRequest request) {
String result = "login.do";
// 取得用户名
String username = request.getParameter("username");
//取得密码，并用MD5加密
String password = CipherUtil.generatePassword(request.getParameter("password"));
//String password = request.getParameter("password");
UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken(username, password);
Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
try {
System.out.println("----------------------------");
if (!currentUser.isAuthenticated()){//使用shiro来验证
token.setRememberMe(true);
currentUser.login(token);//验证角色和权限
}
System.out.println("result: " + result);
result = "index";//验证成功
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error(e.getMessage());
result = "login。do";//验证失败
}
return result;
}
/**
* 退出
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/logout")
@ResponseBody
public String logout() {
Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
String result = "logout";
currentUser.logout();
return result;
}
}