使用dbms_backup_restore包修改dbname及dbid-阿里云开发者社区

修改dbname以及dbid通常在使用RMAN还原到异机之后需要更改dbname以及dbid的情形。对于这个修改我们可以借助于命令行下的nid工具来完成。同时也可以直接调用API来实现。本文即是通过dbms_backup_restore方式来修改dbname及dbid，供大家参考。

有关使用nid方式修改dbname及dbid，请参考：使用nid命令修改 db name 及 dbid

1、修改dbid及dbname的步骤
    a、一致性关闭数据库并启动数据库到read only状态(需要调用dbms_backup_restore，因此要open数据库)
    b、调用脚本修改dbname或者dbid(根据提示输入)
    c、修改spfile或pfile中的db_name的值，如果仅改变dbid，此步骤可忽略
    d、以open resetlogs方式打开数据库

2、实战演习

robin@SZDB:~/dba_scripts/custom/sql> export ORACLE_SID=ES0481
robin@SZDB:~/dba_scripts/custom/sql> sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.3.0 - Production on Sat Mar 29 20:18:28 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2006, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Release 10.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

sys@ES0481> shutdown immediate;

sys@ES0481> startup open read only;

sys@ES0481> select name,dbid from v$database;

NAME            DBID
--------- ----------
ES0481        123456

sys@ES0481> @chg_dbname_dbid

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

OLD_NAME
------------------------------------------------------
ES0481

Enter the new Database Name:ES0480
Enter the new Database ID:654321

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

Convert ES0481(123456) to ES0480(654321)

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

ControlFile:
=> Change Name:1
=> Change DBID:1
DataFile: /u02/database/ES0481/oradata/sysES0481.dbf
=> Skipped:0
=> Change Name:1
=> Change DBID:1
DataFile: /u02/database/ES0481/undo/undotbsES0481.dbf
=> Skipped:0
=> Change Name:1
=> Change DBID:1
  .................
DataFile: /u02/database/ES0481/temp/ES0481_tempES0481.dbf
=> Skipped:0
=> Change Name:1
=> Change DBID:1

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

sys@ES0481> create pfile from spfile;

File created.

sys@ES0481> ho cat $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initES0481.ora |sed "s/db_name='ES0481'/db_name='ES0480'/">$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initES0480.ora

sys@ES0481> shutdown immediate;

sys@ES0481> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Release 10.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
robin@SZDB:~/dba_scripts/custom/sql> export ORACLE_SID=ES0480
robin@SZDB:~/dba_scripts/custom/sql> sqlplus / as sysdba

idle> startup pfile=/users/oracle/OraHome10g/dbs/initES0480.ora mount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  599785472 bytes
Fixed Size                  2074568 bytes
Variable Size             167774264 bytes
Database Buffers          423624704 bytes
Redo Buffers                6311936 bytes
Database mounted.
idle> alter database open resetlogs;

Database altered.

-- Author : Leshami
-- Blog   : http://blog.csdn.net/leshami

idle> create spfile from pfile='/users/oracle/OraHome10g/dbs/initES0480.ora';

File created.

idle> startup force;

idle> select name,dbid from v$database;

NAME            DBID
--------- ----------
ES0480        654321

3、脚本chg_dbname_dbid.sql

--该脚本从网上整理而来
--该脚本可以修改dbname，以及dbid，或者两者同时修改
--该脚本在10g下测试ok，11g下有待测试
robin@SZDB:~/dba_scripts/custom/sql> more chg_dbname_dbid.sql 
var old_name varchar2(20)
var old_dbid number
var new_name varchar2(20)
var new_dbid number

exec select name, dbid -
       into :old_name,:old_dbid -
       from v$database

print old_name

accept new_name prompt "Enter the new Database Name:"

accept new_dbid prompt "Enter the new Database ID:"

exec :new_name:='&&new_name'
exec :new_dbid:=&&new_dbid

set serveroutput on
exec dbms_output.put_line('Convert '||:old_name||  -
     '('||to_char(:old_dbid)||') to '||:new_name|| -
     '('||to_char(:new_dbid)||')')
         
declare
  v_chgdbid   binary_integer;
  v_chgdbname binary_integer;
  v_skipped   binary_integer;
begin
  dbms_backup_restore.nidbegin(:new_name,
       :old_name,:new_dbid,:old_dbid,0,0,10);
  dbms_backup_restore.nidprocesscf(
       v_chgdbid,v_chgdbname);
  dbms_output.put_line('ControlFile: ');
  dbms_output.put_line('  => Change Name:'
       ||to_char(v_chgdbname));
  dbms_output.put_line('  => Change DBID:'
       ||to_char(v_chgdbid));
  for i in (select file#,name from v$datafile)
     loop
     dbms_backup_restore.nidprocessdf(i.file#,0,
       v_skipped,v_chgdbid,v_chgdbname);
     dbms_output.put_line('DataFile: '||i.name);
     dbms_output.put_line('  => Skipped:'
       ||to_char(v_skipped));
     dbms_output.put_line('  => Change Name:'
       ||to_char(v_chgdbname));
     dbms_output.put_line('  => Change DBID:'
       ||to_char(v_chgdbid));
     end loop;
  for i in (select file#,name from v$tempfile)
     loop
     dbms_backup_restore.nidprocessdf(i.file#,1,
       v_skipped,v_chgdbid,v_chgdbname);
     dbms_output.put_line('DataFile: '||i.name);
     dbms_output.put_line('  => Skipped:'
       ||to_char(v_skipped));
     dbms_output.put_line('  => Change Name:'
       ||to_char(v_chgdbname));
     dbms_output.put_line('  => Change DBID:'
       ||to_char(v_chgdbid));
     end loop;
  dbms_backup_restore.nidend;
end;
/