分布式系统_进程间通信_dubbo使用入门-阿里云开发者社区

Dubbo简介

DUBBO是一个分布式服务框架，致力于提供高性能和透明化的RPC远程服务调用方案，是阿里巴巴SOA服务化治理方案的核心框架，每天为2,000+个服务提供3,000,000,000+次访问量支持，并被广泛应用于阿里巴巴集团的各成员站点。

Dubbo RPC框架不同于一般的RPC框架的地方在于，Dubbo RPC的目的在于实现SOA服务的治理和服务管理。其通过服务注册中心来发现服务，并通过服务中心来分发服务来实现服务的负载均衡，通过服务发现来解耦服务，使得整个服务能力可以高效地进行扩展。

Dubbo使用入门

本章节结合Spring Boot 1.3.12.RELEASE和Dubbo来讲解，Dubbo的使用说明。Dubbo　RPC的基本结构中包括了，服务提供者和服务消费者。下面分别从服务提供者和服务消费者来说明。

dubbo-provider

基本的代码结构说明

dubbo-provider
    src 
      main
        com.egoo
            service
                Demo.java
                DemoImpl.java
            Application.java
      resources
        dubbo
            provider.xml

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.egoo</groupId>
    <artifactId>dubbo-provider</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <java.version>1.7</java.version>
        <dubbo.version>2.4.10</dubbo.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- RPC -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
            <version>${dubbo.version}</version>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <artifactId>spring</artifactId>
                    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>1.3.2.RELEASE</version>
                <scope>import</scope>
                <type>pom</type>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>1.3.2.RELEASE</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>repackage</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <fork>true</fork>
                    <meminitial>512m</meminitial>
                    <maxmem>1048m</maxmem>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

应用配置
resources->dubbo->provider.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd
       ">
    <!-- 提供方应用信息，用于计算依赖关系 -->
    <dubbo:application name="DemoProvider"  />

    <!-- 使用multicast广播注册中心暴露服务地址 -->
    <dubbo:registry address="multicast://224.5.6.7:1234" />

    <!-- 用dubbo协议在20880端口暴露服务 -->
    <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880" />

    <bean id="demoImpl" class="com.egoo.service.DemoImpl" />

    <!-- service -->
    <!--将接口暴露给服务中心-->
    <dubbo:service interface="com.egoo.service.Demo" version="1.0.0" ref="demoImpl"  id="demo" />

</beans>

创建对应的服务

服务接口
package com.egoo.service;

/**
 * Created by fiboliu on 16-5-3.
 */
public interface Demo {

    String greeting(String message);
}
服务实现
package com.egoo.service;

/**
 * Created by fiboliu on 16-5-3.
 */
public class DemoImpl implements Demo {

    public String greeting(String message) {

        return message;
    }
}

Application.java //main function

package com.egoo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportResource;

import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * Created by fiboliu on 16-5-3.
 */
@ImportResource({"classpath:dubbo/provider.xml"})
public class Application {

    public static void main(String args[]) {

        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);

        try {

            System.out.println("启动成功,按任意键关闭");
            System.in.read();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

}

dubbo-consumer

基本的代码结构说明

dubbo-consumer
    src 
      main
        com.egoo
            service
                Demo.java
            Application.java
      resources
        dubbo.properties
        dubbo
            consumer.xml

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.egoo</groupId>
    <artifactId>dubbo-consumer</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <java.version>1.7</java.version>
        <dubbo.version>2.4.10</dubbo.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- RPC -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
            <version>${dubbo.version}</version>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <artifactId>spring</artifactId>
                    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>1.3.2.RELEASE</version>
                <scope>import</scope>
                <type>pom</type>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>1.3.2.RELEASE</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>repackage</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <fork>true</fork>
                    <meminitial>512m</meminitial>
                    <maxmem>1048m</maxmem>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

resources文件
consumer.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd
       ">
    <!-- 提供方应用信息，用于计算依赖关系 -->
    <dubbo:application name="DemoConsumer"  />

    <!-- 使用multicast广播注册中心暴露服务地址 -->
    <dubbo:registry address="multicast://224.5.6.7:1234" />

    <!-- 用dubbo协议在20880端口暴露服务 -->
    <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880" />

    <dubbo:reference id="demo" interface="com.egoo.service.Demo" version="1.0.0" />

</beans>

dubbo.properties

##
# Copyright 1999-2011 Alibaba Group.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
##
dubbo.container=log4j,spring
dubbo.application.name=consumer
dubbo.application.owner=egoo
dubbo.registry.address=multicast://224.5.6.7:1234
#dubbo.registry.address=zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181
#dubbo.registry.address=redis://127.0.0.1:6379
#dubbo.registry.address=dubbo://127.0.0.1:9090
#dubbo.monitor.protocol=registry
dubbo.log4j.file=logs/dubbo-demo-consumer.log
dubbo.log4j.level=WARN

接口文件(保证和provider接口文件一致)

package com.egoo.service;

/**
 * Created by fiboliu on 16-5-3.
 */
public interface Demo {

    String greeting(String message);
}

Application.java

package com.egoo;

import com.egoo.service.Demo;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportResource;

/**
 * Created by fiboliu on 16-5-3.
 */
@SpringBootApplication
@ImportResource({"classpath:dubbo/consumer.xml"})
public class Application {

    public static void main(String args[]) {
        ApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
        Demo demo = (Demo) context.getBean("demo");
        System.out.println(demo.greeting("hello world!!"));
    }

}

分布式系统_进程间通信_dubbo使用入门

Dubbo简介

Dubbo使用入门

dubbo-provider

dubbo-consumer

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