Android上传文件至服务器-阿里云开发者社区

本实例实现每隔5秒上传一次，通过服务器端获取手机上传过来的文件信息并做相应处理；采用Android+Struts2技术。

一、Android端实现文件上传

1)、新建一个Android项目命名为androidUpload，目录结构如下：

2)、新建FormFile类，用来封装文件信息

package com.ljq.utils;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.InputStream;

/**
 * 上传文件
 */
public class FormFile {
    /* 上传文件的数据 */
    private byte[] data;
    private InputStream inStream;
    private File file;
    /* 文件名称 */
    private String filname;
    /* 请求参数名称*/
    private String parameterName;
    /* 内容类型 */
    private String contentType = "application/octet-stream";
    
    public FormFile(String filname, byte[] data, String parameterName, String contentType) {
        this.data = data;
        this.filname = filname;
        this.parameterName = parameterName;
        if(contentType!=null) this.contentType = contentType;
    }
    
    public FormFile(String filname, File file, String parameterName, String contentType) {
        this.filname = filname;
        this.parameterName = parameterName;
        this.file = file;
        try {
            this.inStream = new FileInputStream(file);
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        if(contentType!=null) this.contentType = contentType;
    }
    
    public File getFile() {
        return file;
    }

    public InputStream getInStream() {
        return inStream;
    }

    public byte[] getData() {
        return data;
    }

    public String getFilname() {
        return filname;
    }

    public void setFilname(String filname) {
        this.filname = filname;
    }

    public String getParameterName() {
        return parameterName;
    }

    public void setParameterName(String parameterName) {
        this.parameterName = parameterName;
    }

    public String getContentType() {
        return contentType;
    }

    public void setContentType(String contentType) {
        this.contentType = contentType;
    }
    
}

3）、新建SocketHttpRequester类，封装上传文件到服务器代码

package com.ljq.utils;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * 上传文件到服务器
 * 
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class SocketHttpRequester {
    /**
     * 直接通过HTTP协议提交数据到服务器,实现如下面表单提交功能:
     *   <FORM METHOD=POST ACTION="http://192.168.1.101:8083/upload/servlet/UploadServlet" enctype="multipart/form-data">
            <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="name">
            <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="id">
            <input type="file" name="imagefile"/>
            <input type="file" name="zip"/>
         </FORM>
     * @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.iteye.cn或http://192.168.1.101:8083这样的路径测试)
     * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值
     * @param file 上传文件
     */
    public static boolean post(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile[] files) throws Exception{     
        final String BOUNDARY = "---------------------------7da2137580612"; //数据分隔线
        final String endline = "--" + BOUNDARY + "--\r\n";//数据结束标志
        
        int fileDataLength = 0;
        for(FormFile uploadFile : files){//得到文件类型数据的总长度
            StringBuilder fileExplain = new StringBuilder();
             fileExplain.append("--");
             fileExplain.append(BOUNDARY);
             fileExplain.append("\r\n");
             fileExplain.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=\""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"\";filename=\""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "\"\r\n");
             fileExplain.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+"\r\n\r\n");
             fileExplain.append("\r\n");
             fileDataLength += fileExplain.length();
            if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null){
                fileDataLength += uploadFile.getFile().length();
             }else{
                 fileDataLength += uploadFile.getData().length;
             }
        }
        StringBuilder textEntity = new StringBuilder();
        for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {//构造文本类型参数的实体数据
            textEntity.append("--");
            textEntity.append(BOUNDARY);
            textEntity.append("\r\n");
            textEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\""+ entry.getKey() + "\"\r\n\r\n");
            textEntity.append(entry.getValue());
            textEntity.append("\r\n");
        }
        //计算传输给服务器的实体数据总长度
        int dataLength = textEntity.toString().getBytes().length + fileDataLength +  endline.getBytes().length;
        
        URL url = new URL(path);
        int port = url.getPort()==-1 ? 80 : url.getPort();
        Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName(url.getHost()), port);           
        OutputStream outStream = socket.getOutputStream();
        //下面完成HTTP请求头的发送
        String requestmethod = "POST "+ url.getPath()+" HTTP/1.1\r\n";
        outStream.write(requestmethod.getBytes());
        String accept = "Accept: image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*\r\n";
        outStream.write(accept.getBytes());
        String language = "Accept-Language: zh-CN\r\n";
        outStream.write(language.getBytes());
        String contenttype = "Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary="+ BOUNDARY+ "\r\n";
        outStream.write(contenttype.getBytes());
        String contentlength = "Content-Length: "+ dataLength + "\r\n";
        outStream.write(contentlength.getBytes());
        String alive = "Connection: Keep-Alive\r\n";
        outStream.write(alive.getBytes());
        String host = "Host: "+ url.getHost() +":"+ port +"\r\n";
        outStream.write(host.getBytes());
        //写完HTTP请求头后根据HTTP协议再写一个回车换行
        outStream.write("\r\n".getBytes());
        //把所有文本类型的实体数据发送出来
        outStream.write(textEntity.toString().getBytes());           
        //把所有文件类型的实体数据发送出来
        for(FormFile uploadFile : files){
            StringBuilder fileEntity = new StringBuilder();
             fileEntity.append("--");
             fileEntity.append(BOUNDARY);
             fileEntity.append("\r\n");
             fileEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=\""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"\";filename=\""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "\"\r\n");
             fileEntity.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+"\r\n\r\n");
             outStream.write(fileEntity.toString().getBytes());
             if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null){
                 byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
                 int len = 0;
                 while((len = uploadFile.getInStream().read(buffer, 0, 1024))!=-1){
                     outStream.write(buffer, 0, len);
                 }
                 uploadFile.getInStream().close();
             }else{
                 outStream.write(uploadFile.getData(), 0, uploadFile.getData().length);
             }
             outStream.write("\r\n".getBytes());
        }
        //下面发送数据结束标志，表示数据已经结束
        outStream.write(endline.getBytes());
        
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
        if(reader.readLine().indexOf("200")==-1){//读取web服务器返回的数据，判断请求码是否为200，如果不是200，代表请求失败
            return false;
        }
        outStream.flush();
        outStream.close();
        reader.close();
        socket.close();
        return true;
    }
    
    /**
     * 提交数据到服务器
     * @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.itcast.cn或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试)
     * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值
     * @param file 上传文件
     */
    public static boolean post(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile file) throws Exception{
       return post(path, params, new FormFile[]{file});
    }
}

4)、新建MainActivity类，实现每隔5秒上传一次

package com.ljq.activity;

import java.io.File;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.util.Log;

import com.ljq.utils.FormFile;
import com.ljq.utils.SocketHttpRequester;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    private File file;
    private Handler handler;
    private static final String TAG="MainActivity";

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        Log.i(TAG, "onCreate");
        
        file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), "123.rmvb");
        Log.i(TAG, "照片文件是否存在："+file);
        handler=new Handler();
        handler.post(runnable);
    }
    
    Runnable runnable=new Runnable() {
    
        public void run() {
            Log.i(TAG, "runnable run");
            uploadFile(file);
            handler.postDelayed(runnable, 5000);
        }
    
    };
    
    /**
     * 上传图片到服务器
     * 
     * @param imageFile 包含路径
     */
    public void uploadFile(File imageFile) {
        Log.i(TAG, "upload start");
        try {
            String requestUrl = "http://192.168.1.101:8083/upload/upload/execute.do";
            //请求普通信息
            Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
            params.put("username", "张三");
            params.put("pwd", "zhangsan");
            params.put("age", "21");
            params.put("fileName", imageFile.getName());
            //上传文件
            FormFile formfile = new FormFile(imageFile.getName(), imageFile, "image", "application/octet-stream");
            
            SocketHttpRequester.post(requestUrl, params, formfile);
            Log.i(TAG, "upload success");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            Log.i(TAG, "upload error");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        Log.i(TAG, "upload end");
    }
}

5)、修改清单文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
      package="com.ljq.activity"
      android:versionCode="1"
      android:versionName="1.0">
    <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity"
                  android:label="@string/app_name">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

    </application>
    <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="4" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" /> 

</manifest>

启动模拟器，运行如下：

二、服务器端用来获取Android端上传过来的文件信息

1)、新建一个web项目命名为upload，目录结构如下

注意：记得加入struts2 jar包，需加入的jar如下

2)、新建action类，命名为UploadAction，内容如下

package com.ljq.action;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

/**
 * 获取Android端上传过来的信息
 * 
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class UploadAction extends ActionSupport {
    // 上传文件域
    private File image;
    // 上传文件类型
    private String imageContentType;
    // 封装上传文件名
    private String imageFileName;
    // 接受依赖注入的属性
    private String savePath;

    @Override
    public String execute() {
        HttpServletRequest request=ServletActionContext.getRequest();
        FileOutputStream fos = null;
        FileInputStream fis = null;
        try {
            System.out.println("获取Android端传过来的普通信息：");
            System.out.println("用户名："+request.getParameter("username"));
            System.out.println("密码："+request.getParameter("pwd"));
            System.out.println("年龄："+request.getParameter("age"));
            System.out.println("文件名："+request.getParameter("fileName"));
            System.out.println("获取Android端传过来的文件信息：");
            System.out.println("文件存放目录: "+getSavePath());
            System.out.println("文件名称: "+imageFileName);
            System.out.println("文件大小: "+image.length());
            System.out.println("文件类型: "+imageContentType);
            
            fos = new FileOutputStream(getSavePath() + "/" + getImageFileName());
            fis = new FileInputStream(getImage());
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
            int len = 0;
            while ((len = fis.read(buffer)) != -1) {
                fos.write(buffer, 0, len);
            }
            System.out.println("文件上传成功");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("文件上传失败");
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            close(fos, fis);
        }
        return SUCCESS;
    }

    /**
     * 文件存放目录
     * 
     * @return
     */
    public String getSavePath() throws Exception{
        return ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getRealPath(savePath); 
    }

    public void setSavePath(String savePath) {
        this.savePath = savePath;
    }

    public File getImage() {
        return image;
    }

    public void setImage(File image) {
        this.image = image;
    }

    public String getImageContentType() {
        return imageContentType;
    }

    public void setImageContentType(String imageContentType) {
        this.imageContentType = imageContentType;
    }

    public String getImageFileName() {
        return imageFileName;
    }

    public void setImageFileName(String imageFileName) {
        this.imageFileName = imageFileName;
    }

    private void close(FileOutputStream fos, FileInputStream fis) {
        if (fis != null) {
            try {
                fis.close();
                fis=null;
            } catch (IOException e) {
                System.out.println("FileInputStream关闭失败");
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        if (fos != null) {
            try {
                fos.close();
                fis=null;
            } catch (IOException e) {
                System.out.println("FileOutputStream关闭失败");
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

}

3)、配置struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">

<struts>
    <!-- 该属性指定需要Struts2处理的请求后缀，该属性的默认值是action，即所有匹配*.action的请求都由Struts2处理。
        如果用户需要指定多个请求后缀，则多个后缀之间以英文逗号（,）隔开。 -->
    <constant name="struts.action.extension" value="do"/>
    <!-- 设置浏览器是否缓存静态内容,默认值为true(生产环境下使用),开发阶段最好关闭 -->
    <constant name="struts.serve.static.browserCache" value="false"/>
    <!-- 当struts的配置文件修改后,系统是否自动重新加载该文件,默认值为false(生产环境下使用),开发阶段最好打开 -->
    <constant name="struts.configuration.xml.reload" value="true"/>
    <!-- 开发模式下使用,这样可以打印出更详细的错误信息 -->
    <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true"/>
    <!-- 默认的视图主题 -->
    <constant name="struts.ui.theme" value="simple"/>
    <!--<constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" />-->
    <!--解决乱码    -->
    <constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="UTF-8"/>
    <!-- 指定允许上传的文件最大字节数。默认值是2097152(2M) -->
    <constant name="struts.multipart.maxSize" value="22097152"/>
    <!-- 设置上传文件的临时文件夹,默认使用javax.servlet.context.tempdir -->
    <constant name="struts.multipart.saveDir " value="d:/tmp"/>
    
    <package name="upload" namespace="/upload" extends="struts-default">
        <action name="execute" class="com.ljq.action.UploadAction">
            <!-- 动态设置savePath的属性值 -->
            <param name="savePath">/image</param>
            <result name="success">/WEB-INF/page/message.jsp</result>
        </action>
    </package>
</struts>

4)、配置web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee 
    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">

    <filter>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <filter-class>
            org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter
        </filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
    
    <filter>
        <filter-name>strutsCleanup</filter-name>
        <filter-class>
            org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ActionContextCleanUp
        </filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>strutsCleanup</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
    
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

运行结构如下：

获取Android端传过来的普通信息：
用户名：张三
密码：zhangsan
年龄：21
文件名：123.rmvb
获取Android端传过来的文件信息：
文件存放目录: D:\apache-tomcat-6.0.18\webapps\upload\image
文件名称: 123.rmvb
文件大小: 3962649
文件类型: application/octet-stream
文件上传成功

Android上传文件至服务器

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