因为有些人使用爬虫访问web，浪费服务器资源不说还会影响正常用户，所以需要限制爬虫ip，本可以通过nginx或者防火墙限制，但需要重新编译nginx，开启防火墙怕又不知道会影响到哪些程序，所以
想用/etc/hosts.deny文件限制某些ip访问web的，于是配置了http:124.90.. 发现根本没用，但我之前使用该文件是可以限制ip ssh的，为什么现在不能限制http了呢，
于是上网搜了下，发现如下内容：
hosts.allow和hosts.deny规则的执行者为TCP wrappers，对应守护进程为tcpd；而tcpd执行依赖于程序使用了libwrap库。
也就是说：hosts.allow和hosts.deny支持且只支持使用了libwrap库的服务。
那如何查看程序是否使用libwarp？有俩种方法：
方法一、查看hosts_access字段串
查看应用程序是否支持 wrapper，可以使用 strings 程序然后 grep 字符串 hosts_access：
方法二、使用ldd，
ldd /usr/sbin/sshd | grep libwrap
查测发现使用xinetd的都可以、sshd可以、vsftpd可以，nginx httpd则不可以。
继续寻找方法时发现可以调用负载均衡相关api结果，于是乎采用了此方法
'''
先安装模块，主要有两个，一个是核心模块，必须安装 pip install aliyun-python-sdk-core
另一个是你要修改哪个产品，本次是更改负载均衡，所以安装 pip install aliyun-python-sdk-slb ,其他产品参考 https://developer.aliyun.com/tools/sdk#/python
功能：每隔10分钟分析各个服务器日志，查看是否有异常IP调用短信接口(单个IP一分钟内调用短信接口10次视为异常IP)，如有则把IP加入黑名单，2个小时后解封
'''
!/usr/bin/python
from aliyunsdkcore.client import AcsClient
from aliyunsdkcore.acs_exception.exceptions import ClientException
from aliyunsdkcore.acs_exception.exceptions import ServerException
from aliyunsdkslb.request.v20140515.AddAccessControlListEntryRequest import AddAccessControlListEntryRequest
from aliyunsdkslb.request.v20140515.RemoveAccessControlListEntryRequest import RemoveAccessControlListEntryRequest
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.header import Header
import paramiko,re,logging,os
import time,datetime,json
过滤日志，最近一分钟调用短信接口超过10次的ip
def check_log(host,file):
# 创建SSH对象
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
# 允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
# 连接服务器
try:
ssh.connect(host, port=22, username='root', password='******$%^')
# 执行命令, 过滤日志，最近一分钟调用短信接口超过10次的ip
one_min_time = (datetime.datetime.now()-datetime.timedelta(minutes=1)).strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M") #一分钟前时间
shell = "sed -n '/%s/,$p' %s | grep regip | awk '{print $5}' | cut -d : -f2 | sort | uniq -c | sort -r | head -5 | awk '{if ($1 >9)print $2}'" % (one_min_time,file)
#print(shell)
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(shell)
# 获取命令结果
result = stdout.read().decode(encoding = "utf-8")
deny_host_re = re.compile(r'\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}') #待拒绝ip的正则表达式
deny_host_list = deny_host_re.findall(result)
if deny_host_list:
for deny_host in deny_host_list:
now_time = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M")
shell = 'cat %s | grep "%s" | wc -l' % (deny_file,deny_host)
if int(os.popen(shell).read()) == 0: #判断当前IP是否已存在黑名单，避免重复操作
f = open(deny_file, "a", encoding='utf-8')
str_info = now_time + " " + deny_host + " " + "服务器地址:" + host + "\n" #文本格式：封禁时间 待封IP 待封IP所在服务器地址
logging.info("str_info: %s" % str_info)
f.write(str_info)
f.close()
slb_add_host(deny_host,accessKeyId,accessSecret,acl_id) #执行添加黑名单动作
else:
logging.info("IP:%s 已存在黑名单中" % deny_host)
else:
logging.info("主机:%s 本次检测无异常~" % host)
except Exception as e:
logging.error("主机:%s 连接失败，原因：%s" % ( host,e ) )
# 关闭连接
ssh.close()
ip加入黑名单时发送邮件提醒
这种发邮件是使用服务器上邮件服务器，需要在服务器/etc/mail.rc里进行相应配置
def send_mail(host,str):
try:
shell = '''
echo -e "短信接口异常调用IP:%sn状态:%s"|mail -s "短信接口异常调用" zhangpan@tan66.com
''' % (host,str)
os.system(shell)
logging.info("封禁通知邮件发送成功")
except smtplib.SMTPException as e:
logging.error("发送邮件失败，原因：%s" % e)
这种更灵活方便，无需在服务器上配置
def send_mail(host,str):
# 第三方 SMTP 服务
mail_host = "smtp.exmail.qq.com" # 设置服务器
mail_user = "********@tan66.com" # 用户名
mail_pass = "********" # 密码
sender = '******@tan66.com'
receivers = ['*******@tan66.com'] # 接收邮件，可设置为你的QQ邮箱或者其他邮箱
message = MIMEText('短信接口异常调用IP:%s\n状态:%s!'% (host,str), 'plain', 'utf-8')
message['From'] = Header("短信接口", 'utf-8')
message['To'] = Header("研发组", 'utf-8')
subject = '短信接口异常调用'
message['Subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8')
try:
smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(mail_host,465) # 465 为腾讯企业邮箱SMTP SSL端口号
smtpObj.login(mail_user, mail_pass)
smtpObj.sendmail(sender, receivers, message.as_string())
logging.info("邮件发送成功")
except smtplib.SMTPException as e:
logging.error("发送邮件失败，原因：%s" % e)
阿里云slb访问控制里添加ip
def slb_add_host(host,accessKeyId,accessSecret,acl_id):
client = AcsClient(accessKeyId, accessSecret, 'cn-hangzhou') # 阿里云账号的key
request = AddAccessControlListEntryRequest() # 本次api调用的接口，接口有很多，可参考https://help.aliyun.com/document_detail/27570.html?spm=a2c4g.11186623.6.622.3b735682J2ldXT
request.set_accept_format('json')
try:
host = host + "/32"
request.set_AclEntrys([{"entry": host, "comment": "deny"}]) # 需要拒绝的ip
request.set_AclId(acl_id) # 负载均衡安全组id
response = client.do_action_with_exception(request) # 执行操作
logging.info(str(response, encoding='utf-8')) # 查看调用接口结果
logging.info("slb添加异常IP:%s成功！" % host)
send_mail(host, str="添加至黑名单")
except BaseException as e:
logging.error("添加黑名单失败，原因：%s" % e)
slb删除ip
def slb_del_host(host,accessKeyId,accessSecret,acl_id):
host = str(host) + "/32"
logging.info("正在解封IP：%s" % host)
try:
client = AcsClient(accessKeyId, accessSecret, 'cn-hangzhou')
request = RemoveAccessControlListEntryRequest()
request.set_accept_format('json')
request.set_AclEntrys([{"entry": host, "comment": "deny"}])
request.set_AclId(acl_id)
client.do_action_with_exception(request)
logging.info("slb删除IP:%s成功" % host) # 查看调用接口结果
send_mail(host, str="移出黑名单")
except BaseException as e:
logging.error("移出黑名单失败，原因：%s" % e)
删除slb里黑名单ip
def del_text(deny_file):
with open(deny_file, "r", encoding='utf-8') as f:
data = f.read()
logging.info("黑名单文件：%s" % deny_file)
if data:
d_list = [] # 解封ip清单
with open(deny_file, "r", encoding='utf-8') as f:
lines = f.readlines()
# logging.info("lines:%s" % lines)
for line in lines:
if line.strip().lstrip():
time1 = line.split(" ")[0] # 获取文本中被封ip的时间
time2 = time.mktime(time.strptime(time1, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M')) # 将时间转换给时间戳
time3 = int(now_time - time2) # 解封倒计时
host = line.split(" ")[1].strip().lstrip()
if time3 > 7200:
slb_del_host(host, accessKeyId, accessSecret, acl_id)
d_list.append(host)
else:
logging.info("%-15s 预计%s 秒解封" % (host, 7200 - time3))
for deny in d_list:
shell = "sed -i '/%s/d' %s" % (deny, deny_file)
os.system(shell)
logging.info("文本中删除黑名单ip：%s" % deny)
if name == "__main__":
accessKeyId = '*********' #key 需要登录阿里云账号获取
accessSecret = '********'
acl_id = 'acl-**********' #负载均衡安全组id
log_file = '/var/log/msg-api.log'
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
deny_file = BASE_DIR + "/deny.hosts"
if not os.path.exists(log_file):
os.mknod(log_file)
if not os.path.exists(deny_file):
os.mknod(deny_file)
now_time = time.time()
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO,
format='%(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(message)s',
filename=log_file,
filemode='a+')
logging.info("starting")
host_dict = {"10.253.168.*":"api",
"10.253.208.*":"api",
"10.253.210.*":"cs",
"10.253.210.*":"cs",
}
api_log_file = '/data1/application/api/tomcat/logs/catalina.out'
cs_log_file = '/data1/application/cs/tomcat-1/logs/catalina.out'
oss_log_file = '/data1/application/server/tomcat-2/logs/catalina.out'
for host in host_dict:
if host_dict[host] == "api":
check_log(host,api_log_file)
else:
check_log(host,cs_log_file)
check_log(host,oss_log_file)
del_text(deny_file)
如果日志使用了es收集，则更方便操作
'''
先安装模块，主要有两个，一个是核心模块，必须安装 pip install aliyun-python-sdk-core
另一个是你要修改哪个产品，本次是更改负载均衡，所以安装 pip install aliyun-python-sdk-slb ,其他产品参考 https://developer.aliyun.com/tools/sdk#/python
功能：每隔10分钟分析各个服务器日志，查看是否有异常IP调用短信接口(单个IP一分钟内调用短信接口10次视为异常IP)，如有则把IP加入黑名单，2个小时后解封
'''
!/usr/bin/python
from aliyunsdkcore.client import AcsClient
from aliyunsdkcore.acs_exception.exceptions import ClientException
from aliyunsdkcore.acs_exception.exceptions import ServerException
from aliyunsdkslb.request.v20140515.AddAccessControlListEntryRequest import AddAccessControlListEntryRequest
from aliyunsdkslb.request.v20140515.RemoveAccessControlListEntryRequest import RemoveAccessControlListEntryRequest
from elasticsearch import Elasticsearch
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.header import Header
import paramiko,re,logging,os
import time,datetime,json
class slb:
accessKeyId = '********' # key 需要登录阿里云账号获取
accessSecret = '********'
acl_id = 'acl-****' # 负载均衡安全组id
log_file = '/var/log/msg-api.log'
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
deny_file = BASE_DIR + "/deny.hosts"
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO,
format='%(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(message)s',
filename=log_file,
filemode='a+')
logging.info("starting")
def __init__(self,index):
self.index = index
def start(self):
if not os.path.exists(slb.log_file):
os.mknod(slb.log_file)
if not os.path.exists(slb.deny_file):
os.mknod(slb.deny_file)
def chack_log(self):
self.start()
es=Elasticsearch("10.253.**.**",port=9200)
body = {
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": [
{
"match": {
"message": "regip"
}
},
{
"range": {
"@timestamp": {
"gte": "now-1m",
"lte": "now",
"format": "epoch_millis"
}
}
}
],
"must_not": []
}
}
}
logging.info(f"开始检查{index}日志")
result = es.search(index=self.index, body=body) #返回字典形式
result1 = json.dumps(result, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False) #返回格式化形式，方便查看，但不是字典
if result["hits"]["total"] > 9: #es查询结果大于9 表示可能有用户异常调用短信接口
ip_list = []
ip_dict = {}
try:
#获取一分钟内调用短信接口的所有IP
for info in result["hits"]["hits"]:
log_info = info["_source"]["log_info"]
deny_host_re = re.compile(r'\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}') # ip的正则表达式
deny_host = re.search(deny_host_re,log_info).group()
ip_list.append(deny_host)
# 统计各个IP调用结果次数
for deny_ip in ip_list:
if deny_ip in ip_dict:
ip_dict[deny_ip] += 1
else:
ip_dict[deny_ip] = 1
#判断异常IP是否已存在，不存在则执行添加黑名单操作
for deny_host,count in ip_dict.items(): #遍历字典，deny_host为调用短信接口的ip count为调用次数
if count > 2:
now_time = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M")
shell = f'cat {slb.deny_file} | grep "{deny_host}" | wc -l'
if int(os.popen(shell).read()) == 0: # 判断当前IP是否已存在黑名单，避免重复操作
f = open(slb.deny_file, "a", encoding='utf-8')
str_info = now_time + " " + deny_host + " " + f"web:{index}" + "\n" # 文本格式：封禁时间 待封IP web服务器
logging.info(f"{str_info}str_info: %s")
f.write(str_info)
f.close()
self.slb_add_host(deny_host) # 执行添加黑名单动作
logging.info("执行添加黑名单操作")
else:
logging.info(f"IP:{deny_host} 已存在黑名单中")
except BaseException as e:
logging.error(f"检查{index}日志时发现错误，错误信息:{e}")
else:
logging.info(f"{index} 本次检测无异常")
#添加ip至黑名单
def slb_add_host(self,host):
client = AcsClient(self.accessKeyId, self.accessSecret, 'cn-hangzhou') # 阿里云账号的key
request = AddAccessControlListEntryRequest() # 本次api调用的接口，接口有很多，可参考https://help.aliyun.com/document_detail/27570.html?spm=a2c4g.11186623.6.622.3b735682J2ldXT
request.set_accept_format('json')
try:
host = host + "/32"
request.set_AclEntrys([{"entry": host, "comment": "deny"}]) # 需要拒绝的ip
request.set_AclId(self.acl_id) # 负载均衡安全组id
response = client.do_action_with_exception(request) # 执行操作
logging.info(str(response, encoding='utf-8')) # 查看调用接口结果
self.send_mail(host, str="添加至黑名单")
logging.info(f"slb添加异常IP:{host}成功！")
except BaseException as e:
logging.error(f"添加黑名单失败，原因：{e}" )
#slb黑名单里移出ip
def slb_del_host(self,host):
host = str(host) + "/32"
logging.info(f"正在解封IP：{host}" )
try:
client = AcsClient(self.accessKeyId, self.accessSecret, 'cn-hangzhou')
request = RemoveAccessControlListEntryRequest()
request.set_accept_format('json')
request.set_AclEntrys([{"entry": host, "comment": "deny"}])
request.set_AclId(self.acl_id)
client.do_action_with_exception(request)
self.send_mail(host, str="移出黑名单")
logging.info(f"slb删除IP:{host}成功" ) # 查看调用接口结果
except BaseException as e:
logging.error("移出黑名单失败，原因：%s" % e)
#发送邮件
def send_mail(self,host, str):
# 第三方 SMTP 服务
mail_host = "smtp.exmail.qq.com" # 设置服务器
mail_user = "****@tan66.com" # 用户名
mail_pass = "*****" # 密码
sender = '******@tan66.com'
receivers = ['*****@tan66.com'] # 接收邮件，可设置为你的QQ邮箱或者其他邮箱
message = MIMEText(f'短信接口异常调用IP:{host}\n状态:{str}!', 'plain', 'utf-8')
message['From'] = Header("短信接口", 'utf-8')
message['To'] = Header("研发组", 'utf-8')
subject = '短信接口异常调用'
message['Subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8')
try:
smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(mail_host, 465) # 465 为腾讯企业邮箱SMTP SSL端口号
smtpObj.login(mail_user, mail_pass)
smtpObj.sendmail(sender, receivers, message.as_string())
logging.info("邮件发送成功")
except smtplib.SMTPException as e:
logging.error("发送邮件失败，原因：%s" % e)
# 删除slb文本里黑名单ip
def del_text(self):
with open(self.deny_file, "r", encoding='utf-8') as f:
data = f.read()
#logging.info("黑名单文件：%s" % self.deny_file)
if data:
d_list = [] # 解封ip清单
with open(self.deny_file, "r", encoding='utf-8') as f:
lines = f.readlines()
# logging.info("lines:%s" % lines)
for line in lines:
if line.strip().lstrip():
now_time = time.time()
time1 = line.split(" ")[0] # 获取文本中被封ip的时间
time2 = time.mktime(time.strptime(time1, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M')) # 将时间转换给时间戳
time3 = int(now_time - time2) # 解封倒计时
host = line.split(" ")[1].strip().lstrip()
if time3 > 7200:
self.slb_del_host(host)
d_list.append(host)
else:
logging.info("%-15s 预计%s 秒解封" % (host, 7200 - time3))
for deny in d_list:
shell = "sed -i '/%s/d' %s" % (deny, self.deny_file)
os.system(shell)
logging.info("文本中删除黑名单ip：%s" % deny)
if name == "__main__":
index_list = ["**-tomcat","**-tomcat","*****"]
for index in index_list:
s = slb(index)
s.chack_log()
s.del_text()
