静默安装11gR2 DB SERVER单机并手动建库步骤 静默安装是在我们无法使用OUI图形界面安装ORACLE DB软件，亦或者我们需要大规模部署该软件时采用的方法。 静默安装不要求启动图形界面，仅仅使用命令行即可实施。 具体在11gR2单机以silent静默方式安装时，可以省略使用response file，步骤如下： 1. 解压安装包，如果你是在Linux上且安装目前最新的Patchset 11.2.0.3(推荐)的话，首先解压介质安装包 如果在AIX上可能还需要执行必要的rootpre.sh 2. 创建必要的目录，以及Oracle用户的ulimit限制和kernel parameters [root@mlab2 grid]# mkdir /u01 [root@mlab2 grid]# chown oracle:oinstall /u01 [root@mlab2 grid]# su - oracle 3. 正式使用runInstaller -silent 静默方式安装 $ ./runInstaller -silent -debug -force \ FROM_LOCATION=/home/oracle/database/stage/products.xml \ oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY \ UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall \ INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory \ ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11201/db_1 \ ORACLE_HOME_NAME="OraDb11g_Home9" \ ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle \ oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE \ oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=false \ oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba \ oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba \ DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true 4. 切换到root用户执行必要的脚本 [oracle@mlab2 bin]$ su - root Password: [root@mlab2 ~]# /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh Changing permissions of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory. Adding read,write permissions for group. Removing read,write,execute permissions for world. Changing groupname of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory to oinstall. The execution of the script is complete. [root@mlab2 ~]# /u01/app/oracle/product/11201/db_1/root.sh Check /u01/app/oracle/product/11201/db_1/install/root_mlab2.oracle.com_2009-11-23_20-26-32.log for the output of root script 5. 设置必要的环境变量 [oracle@mlab2 ~]$ cat db2.sh export ORACLE_SID=CRMV export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11201/db_1 export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:/opt/oracle.SupportTools 6. 创建必要的目录 [root@mlab2 ~]# mkdir /oradata/ [root@mlab2 ~]# chown oracle:oinstall /oradata [oracle@mlab2 ~]$ mkdir -p /oradata/CRMV/controlfile [oracle@mlab2 dbs]$ mkdir /oradata/CRMV/logfile [oracle@mlab2 dbs]$ mkdir /oradata/CRMV/datafile 7. 创建init.ora PFILE初始化参数文件 [oracle@mlab2 ~]$ source db2.sh [oracle@mlab2 ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME [oracle@mlab2 db_1]$ cd dbs [oracle@mlab2 dbs]$ cat init initCRMV.ora init.ora [oracle@mlab2 dbs]$ cat initCRMV.ora db_name=CRMV sga_target=1200M control_files=('/oradata/CRMV/controlfile/control01.dbf','/oradata/CRMV/controlfile/control02.dbf') undo_management=AUTO undo_tablespace=UNDOTBS 8.创建密码文件 [oracle@mlab2 dbs]$ orapwd file=orapwCRMV entries=10 password=oracle [oracle@mlab2 dbs]$ ls -l orapwCRMV -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 2560 Nov 23 20:58 orapwCRMV 9. 正式手动建库 CREATE DATABASE CRMV USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY oracle USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY oracle LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/oradata/CRMV/logfile/redo01.log') SIZE 256M, GROUP 2 ('/oradata/CRMV/logfile/redo02.log') SIZE 256M, GROUP 3 ('/oradata/CRMV/logfile/redo03.log') SIZE 256M MAXLOGFILES 50 MAXLOGMEMBERS 5 MAXLOGHISTORY 10000 MAXDATAFILES 3000 MAXINSTANCES 10 CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8 NATIONAL CHARACTER SET UTF8 DATAFILE '/oradata/CRMV/datafile/system01.dbf' SIZE 825M REUSE EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL SYSAUX DATAFILE '/oradata/CRMV/datafile/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 825M REUSE DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tempts1 TEMPFILE '/oradata/CRMV/datafile/temp01.dbf' SIZE 200M REUSE UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs DATAFILE '/oradata/CRMV/datafile/undotbs01.dbf' SIZE 600M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED; 此步骤也可以参考链接：http://docs.oracle.com/cd/B19306_01/server.102/b14231/create.htm#g1034097 10. 创建非必要的表空间例如USERS，以及应用表空间或索引表空间 SQL> alter system set db_create_file_dest='/oradata/CRMV'; System altered. CONNECT SYS/password AS SYSDBA -- create a user tablespace to be assigned as the default tablespace for users CREATE TABLESPACE users LOGGING DATAFILE SIZE 525M AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 16M MAXSIZE UNLIMITED EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL; -- create a tablespace for indexes, separate from user tablespace CREATE TABLESPACE indx LOGGING DATAFILE SIZE 325M AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 16M MAXSIZE UNLIMITED EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL; SQL> SQL> alter database default tablespace users; Database altered. SQL> alter database default temporary tablespace tempts1; alter database default temporary tablespace tempts1 * ERROR at line 1: ORA-12907: tablespace TEMPTS1 is already the default temporary tablespace 11. 执行catalog.sql和catproc.sql 2个必要的字典脚本 CONNECT SYS/password AS SYSDBA @?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql @?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql EXIT 1* select comp_name,version from dba_server_registry SQL> / COMP_NAME VERSION ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------ Oracle Database Catalog Views 11.2.0.3.0 Oracle Database Packages and Types 11.2.0.3.0 2 rows selected. 其他一些有必要执行的脚本 @?/rdbms/admin/catblock.sql @?/rdbms/admin/dbmspool.sql conn system/oracle @?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql @?/sqlplus/admin/help/hlpbld.sql helpus.sql 12. 设置必要的参数，并打开 日志归档 SQL> create spfile from pfile; File created. SQL> shutdown immediate; Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup mount; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1252663296 bytes Fixed Size 2227944 bytes Variable Size 335544600 bytes Database Buffers 905969664 bytes Redo Buffers 8921088 bytes Database mounted. SQL> alter system set deferred_segment_creation=false; System altered. SQL> alter database archivelog ; Database altered. SQL> alter database open; Database altered. SQL> alter system archive log current; System altered. SQL> / System altered. SQL> archive log list Database log mode Archive Mode Automatic archival Enabled Archive destination /u01/app/oracle/product/11201/db_1/dbs/arch Oldest online log sequence 3 Next log sequence to archive 5 Current log sequence 5 更多11g 参数推荐可以参考 http://www.askmaclean.com/archives/11gr2-features-disable.html 13. 如果需要重命名DB NAME，则可以运行如下命令 SQL> alter database rename global_name to LIUXIANGBING; Database altered. SQL> select * from global_name; GLOBAL_NAME -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LIUXIANGBING 14. 配置LISTENER、SQLNET.ORA等网络参数
本文转自maclean_007 51CTO博客，原文链接:http://blog.51cto.com/maclean/1278157
