Linux/Unix shell 自动发送AWR report-阿里云开发者社区

观察Oracle数据库性能，Oracle自带的awr 功能为我们提供了一个近乎完美的解决方案，通过awr特性我们可以随时从数据库提取awr报告。不过awrrpt.sql脚本执行时需要我们提供一些交互信息，因此可以将其整合到shell脚本中来实现自动产生指定时段的awr报告并发送给相关人员。本文即是描述linux shell脚本来实现此功能。

1、shell脚本

robin@SZDB:~/dba_scripts/custom/awr> more autoawr.sh
#!/bin/bash
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------+
#                  CHECK ALERT LOG FILE                                     |
#   Filename: autoawr.sh                                                    |
#   Desc:                                                                   |
#       The script use to generate AWR report and send mail automatic.      |
#       The sql script autoawr.sql call by this shell script.               |                          
#       Default, the whole day AWR report will be gathered.                 |  
#       Deploy it to crontab at 00:30                                        |
#       If you want to change the snap interval,please change autoawr.sql   |
#          and crontab configuration                                        |
#   Usage:                                                                  |
#       ./autoawr.sh $ORACLE_SID                                            |  
#                                                                           |
#   Author : Robinson                                                       | 
#   Blog   : http://blog.csdn.net/robinson_0612                             |
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------+
#
# --------------------------
#   Check SID
# --------------------------

if [ -z "${1}" ];then
    echo "Usage: "
    echo "      `basename $0` ORACLE_SID"
    exit 1
fi

# -------------------------------
#  Set environment here 
# ------------------------------

if [ -f ~/.bash_profile ]; then
    . ~/.bash_profile
fi

export ORACLE_SID=$1
export MACHINE=`hostname`
export MAIL_DIR=/users/robin/dba_scripts/sendEmail-v1.56
export MAIL_LIST='Robinson.cheng@12306.com'
export AWR_CMD=/users/robin/dba_scripts/custom/awr
export AWR_DIR=/users/robin/dba_scripts/custom/awr/report
export MAIL_FM='oracle@szdb.com'
RETENTION=31

# ----------------------------------------------
# check if the database is running, if not exit
# ----------------------------------------------

db_stat=`ps -ef | grep pmon_$ORACLE_SID | grep -v grep| cut -f3 -d_`
if [ -z "$db_stat" ]; then
    #date >/tmp/db_${ORACLE_SID}_stauts.log
    echo " $ORACLE_SID is not available on ${MACHINE} !!!"   # >>/tmp/db_${ORACLE_SID}_stauts.log 
    MAIL_SUB=" $ORACLE_SID is not available on ${MACHINE} !!!"
    MAIL_BODY=" $ORACLE_SID is not available on ${MACHINE} at `date` when try to generate AWR."
    $MAIL_DIR/sendEmail -u $MAIL_SUB -f $MAIL_FM -t $MAIL_LIST -m $MAIL_BODY 
    exit 1
fi;

# ----------------------------------------------
# Generate awr report
# ----------------------------------------------
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqlplus /nolog<<EOF
connect / as sysdba;
@${AWR_CMD}/autoawr.sql;
exit;
EOF

status=$?
if [ $status != 0 ];then
    echo " $ORACLE_SID is not available on ${MACHINE} !!!"   # >>/tmp/db_${ORACLE_SID}_stauts.log
    MAIL_SUB=" Occurred error while generate AWR for ${ORACLE_SID}  !!!"
    MAIL_BODY=" Some exceptions encountered during generate AWR report for $ORACLE_SID on `hostname`."
    $MAIL_DIR/sendEmail -u $MAIL_SUB -f $MAIL_FM -t $MAIL_LIST -m $MAIL_BODY
    exit
fi

# ------------------------------------------------
# Send email with AWR report
# ------------------------------------------------
dt=`date -d yesterday +%Y%m%d`
filename=`ls ${AWR_DIR}/${ORACLE_SID}_awrrpt_?_${dt}*`
if [ -e "${filename}" ];then
    MAIL_SUB="AWR report from ${ORACLE_SID} on `hostname`."
    MAIL_BODY="This is an AWR report from ${ORACLE_SID} on `hostname`."
    $MAIL_DIR/sendEmail -u $MAIL_SUB -f $MAIL_FM -t $MAIL_LIST -m $MAIL_BODY -a ${filename}
    echo ${filename}
fi

# ------------------------------------------------
# Removing files older than $RETENTION parameter 
# ------------------------------------------------

find ${AWR_DIR} -name "*awrrpt*" -mtime +$RETENTION -exec rm {} \;
exit

2、产生awr report 的sql脚本

robin@SZDB:~/dba_scripts/custom/awr> more autoawr.sql
SET ECHO OFF;
SET VERI OFF;
SET FEEDBACK OFF;
SET TERMOUT ON;
SET HEADING OFF;

VARIABLE rpt_options NUMBER;
DEFINE no_options = 0;

define ENABLE_ADDM = 8;

REM according to your needs, the value can be 'text' or 'html'

DEFINE report_type='html';

BEGIN
   :rpt_options := &no_options;
END;
/

VARIABLE dbid NUMBER;
VARIABLE inst_num NUMBER;
VARIABLE bid NUMBER;
VARIABLE eid NUMBER;

BEGIN
  SELECT MIN (snap_id) INTO :bid
    FROM dba_hist_snapshot
   WHERE TO_CHAR (end_interval_time, 'yyyymmdd') = TO_CHAR (SYSDATE-1, 'yyyymmdd');

   SELECT MAX (snap_id) INTO :eid FROM dba_hist_snapshot WHERE TO_CHAR (begin_interval_time,'yyyymmdd') = TO_CHAR (SYSDATE-1, 'yyyymmdd');

   SELECT dbid INTO :dbid FROM v$database;

SELECT instance_number INTO :inst_num FROM v$instance;
END;
/

COLUMN ext NEW_VALUE ext NOPRINT
COLUMN fn_name NEW_VALUE fn_name NOPRINT;
COLUMN lnsz NEW_VALUE lnsz NOPRINT;
SELECT 'txt' ext
  FROM DUAL
 WHERE LOWER ('&report_type') = 'text';

SELECT 'html' ext
  FROM DUAL
 WHERE LOWER ('&report_type') = 'html';

SELECT 'awr_report_text' fn_name
  FROM DUAL
 WHERE LOWER ('&report_type') = 'text';

SELECT 'awr_report_html' fn_name
  FROM DUAL
 WHERE LOWER ('&report_type') = 'html';

SELECT '80' lnsz
  FROM DUAL
 WHERE LOWER ('&report_type') = 'text';

SELECT '1500' lnsz
  FROM DUAL
 WHERE LOWER ('&report_type') = 'html';

set linesize &lnsz;
COLUMN report_name NEW_VALUE report_name NOPRINT;

SELECT instance_name || '_awrrpt_' || instance_number || '_' || b.timestamp || '.' || '&ext'
          report_name
  FROM v$instance a,
       (SELECT TO_CHAR (begin_interval_time, 'yyyymmdd') timestamp
          FROM dba_hist_snapshot
         WHERE snap_id = :eid) b;

SET TERMOUT OFF;
SPOOL $AWR_DIR/&report_name;

SELECT output
  FROM TABLE (DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY.&fn_name (:dbid,
                                                 :inst_num,
                                                 :bid,
                                                 :eid,
                                                 :rpt_options));
SPOOL OFF;
SET TERMOUT ON;
CLEAR COLUMNS SQL;
TTITLE OFF;
BTITLE OFF;
REPFOOTER OFF;

UNDEFINE report_name
UNDEFINE report_type
UNDEFINE fn_name
UNDEFINE lnsz
UNDEFINE no_options

3、补充说明
a、shell脚本中首先判断指定的实例是否处于available，如果不可用则退出
b、接下来调用autoawr.sql脚本来产生awr report
c、产生awr report后，如果文件存在则自动发送邮件
d、autoawr.sql脚本中是产生awr report的主要部分，主要是调用了DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY.&fn_name过程
e、该脚本是生成一整天awr report，即从当天的零点至第二天零点
f、sql脚本的几个参数需要确定的是dbid，实例号，以及snap的开始与结束id，rpt_options用于确定报告是否带addm项
g、可以根据需要定制所需的snap的起止id，需修改SQL来获取正确的snap id，来生成所需的报告
h、根据需要修改fn_name定制生成awr报告为txt或html类型，report_name则是确定最终文件名
i、AWR 报告的两个snap 之间不能有重启DB的操作,否则有可能错误(未测试过)
j、该脚本支持Oracle 10g/11g，有关详细的产生awr report脚本说明请参考oracle自带的awrrpt.sql,awrrpti.sql